Transcription of PDA, ASD, VSD - amcresidents.com
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PDA, ASD, VSD - amcresidents.com
PDA, ASD, VSD Reference: Anesthesia for Congenital Heart Disease Authors: Andropoulos, D., Stayer, S. and Russell, I. Blackwell, 2005 Patent Ductus Arteriosus The ductus arteriosus is an essential component in normal fetal circulation; it becomes functionally closed within 10-15 hours after birth, and permanently closes by thrombosis, intimal proliferation, and fibrosis in the first 2-3 weeks after birth. Functional closure is initiated by several mechanisms including aeration of the lungs, removal of prostaglandins produced in the placenta, increased arterial P02 and release of vasoactive substances (bradykinin, thromboxanes, and endogenous catecholamines).5-7 Isolated persistent patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) occurs in approximately 1 : 2500 to 1 : 5000 live births, the incidence is higher for premature births and this defect is two to three times more common in females than in ,8 PDA is also found as part of other complex congenital heart defects and is usually the source for pulmonary or systemic blood flow in patients with a functional single ventricle before palliative repair.
Sinus venosus defects result from abnormal development of the septum secundum or the sinus venosus, the primitive venous collecting chamber. The …
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