Periodic Trends in - profkatz.com

Periodic Trends inAtomic RadiiIonic RadiiParamagnetismIonization EnergyElectron AffinityMetallic CharacterShieldingIn a multi-electron system, electrons are simultaneously attracted to the nucleus and repelled by each electrons are shielded from nucleus by the core shielding causes the outer electrons to not experience the full strength of the nuclear Nuclear ChargeThe effective nuclear charge is the net positive charge that is attracting a particular is the nuclear chargeS is the number of electrons in lower energy levels Zeffective = Z S Electrons in same energy level contribute to screening, but very & Effective Nuclear ChargeTrend in Atomic Radius Main GroupThere are several methods for measuring the radius of an atom, and they give slightly different der Waals radius = nonbondingCovalent radius = bonding radiusAtomic radius as an average radius There is a General Trend: Atomic Radius Increases down group (top to bottom) Atomic Radius Decreases across period (left to right)Trend in Atomic Radius Main GroupQuantum-Mechanical Explanation for the Group Trend in Atomic RadiusThe size of an atom is related to the distance the valence electrons are from the larger the orbital an electron is in, the farther

Periodic Trends in Atomic Radii Ionic Radii Paramagnetism Ionization Energy Electron Affinity Metallic Character. Shielding In a multi-electron system, electrons are simultaneously attracted to the nucleus and repelled by each other. Outer electrons are shielded from nucleus

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