Transcription of PHYSICS 430 Lecture Notes on Quantum Mechanics
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(C) ,thephotoelectriceffect, :the double-slit , wave , <x>andUncertainty , , zerouncertainty ; , , ,resonance, ; ,Symmetry, , ; , ; ,Fermions, , ,harmonic,and sudden nearlyclassical ,squarewell, paradox .Fasterthanlight?Bell s guidingwaves . consistenthistories seffect, , :Chapters19and20remaintobewritten, , ,itwasdiscoveredthatthelawsofmotionformu latedbyGalileo,Newton,Lagrange,Hamilton, Maxwell,andmanyothers,wereinadequatetoex plainawiderangeofphenomenainvolvingelect rons,atoms, ,anewtheory(togetherwithanewlawofmotion) ,anditisnowthebasicframeworkforunderstan dingatomic,nuclear,andsubnuclearphysics, aswellascondensed-matter(or solid-state ) (duetoGalileo,Newton,..) , ,whoseformulationbegins(butdoesnotend!)w ithNewton slawF= ,F=ma, ,orperhapsafewseconds, ,asafunctionoftime,asx(t); ,thenanytrajectoryhastheformofaparabola( inauniformgravitationalfield,neglectinga irresistance), ,ifwerequirethatthebaseballreturnstoyour handexactly tsecondsafterleavingyourhand, ,butwewouldliketodevelopamethodwhichcanb eappliedtoaparticlemovinginanypotentialf ieldV(x).
That theory is known as quantum mechanics, and it is now the basic framework for understanding atomic, nuclear, and subnuclear physics, as well as condensed-matter (or ”solid-state”) physics. The laws of motion (due to Galileo, Newton,...) which preceded quantum theory are referred to as classical mechanics.
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