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Probability, Expectation Value and Uncertainty

Chapter 14 Probability, Expectation Value and UncertaintyWehave seen that the physically observable properties of a quantum system are representedby Hermitean operators (also referred to as observables ) such that the eigenvalues ofthe operator represents all the possible results that could be obtained if the associated physicalobservable were to be measured. The eigenstates of the operator are the states of the systemfor which the associated eigenvalue would be, with 100% certainty, the measured result, if theobservable were measured.

results of such measurements. The expectation or mean value of an observable is a concept taken more or less directly from the classical theory of probability and statistics. Roughly speaking, it represents the (probability-weighted) average …

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