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Probability Theory and Statistics

Probability Theory andStatisticsWith a view towards the natural sciencesLecture notesNiels Richard HansenDepartment of Mathematical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenNovember 20102 PrefaceThe present lecture notes have been developed over the last couple of years for acourse aimed primarily at the students taking a Master s in bioinformatics at theUniversity of Copenhagen. There is an increasing demand fora general introductorystatistics course at the Master s level at the university, and the course has alsobecome a compulsory course for the Master s in eScience. Both educations emphasizea computational and data oriented approach to science in particular the aim of the notes is to combine the mathematical and theoretical underpinningof Statistics and statistical data analysis with computational methodology and prac-tical applications.

to describe the uncertainty; a fair, classical dice has probability 1/6 for each side to turn up. Elementary probability computations can to some extent be handled based on intuition, common sense and high school mathematics. In the popular dice game Yahtzee the probability of getting a Yahtzee (five of a kind) in a single throw is for ...

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