Psychosocial Factors in Alcohol Use and Alcoholism

Psychosocial Factors in Alcohol Use and Alcoholism181 There is no single, simple explanation for whysome individuals develop problems with of the central findings of the large body ofresearch that has examined the psychosocialcauses, or etiology, of Alcohol use is that there are multiple pathways to behavior that involvesalcohol consumption (Cloninger et al. 1996; Sher et al. 1997; Zucker et al. 1994). Multiplebiological and Psychosocial Factors mutuallyinfluence each other in causing Alcohol abuse; it would be incorrect to view Psychosocial causesas either independent from, or competing with,biological causes.

temperaments. Both factors predicted more negative affect—self-reported crying and tension, for example—among these children than among children without a family history of alcoholism (Chassin et al. 1996). In turn, children in the study with high levels of negative affect were more likely than other children to join a drug-

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  Factors, Affect, Alcoholism

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