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Q - knockhardy.org.uk
carbonyl COMPOUNDS - Aldehydes and KetonesStructure carbonyl groups consists of a carbon-oxygen double bond the bond is polar due to the difference in electronegativity aldehydes / ketones differ in what is attached to the carbonALDEHYDES - at least one H attached to the carbonyl groupHCHO orCH3 CHOC6H5 CHOKETONES - two carbons attached to the carbonyl groupCH3 COCH3C2H5 COCH3C6H5 COCH3 Bonding the carbonyl carbon is sp2 hybridised and three sigma ( ) bonds are planar the unhybridised 2p orbital of carbon is at 90 to these it overlaps with a 2p orbital of oxygen to form a pi ( ) bond as oxygen is more electronegative than carbon the bond is polarNaming aldehydes end AL ketones end ONE pick the longest chain of carbon atoms which includes the C=O substituent positions are based on the carbon with the O attachedCH3CH2CH2CH2CH2 CHOCH3 COCH2CH2CH2CH3 hexanalhexan-2-oneCarbonyl compounds 1F324 KNOCKHARDY SCIENCE Draw structures for, and name, all the carbonyl compounds with molecular formulae;a) C4H8Ob) C5H10Oc) C6H12OC=OCCC=OHCC=OHHF ormation of carbonyl compounds from alcoholsAldehydes Oxidation of primary (1 ) alcohols - risk of oxidation to acidsegCH3CH2OH(l) + [O] > CH3 CHO(l) + H2O(l) ethanol ethanalhowever, this can happenCH3 CHO(l) + [O] > CH3 COOH(l) ethanal
CARBONYL COMPOUNDS - Aldehydes and Ketones Structure • carbonyl groups consists of a carbon-oxygen double bond • the bond is polar due to the difference in electronegativity • aldehydes / ketones differ in what is attached to the carbon
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Overview of Carbonyl Compounds. CO. No leaving, Carbonyl compounds, Carbonyl, Compounds, ALDEHYDES AND KETONES. CARBONYL-ADDITION REACTIONS, Volatile Organic Compounds, Volatile Organic, Chemical Product and Company Identification, Ethers Ethers are organic compounds with, Ethers! Ethers are organic compounds with, Carbonyl group