Transcription of R.T. Jones - MINTEK
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R.T. Jones - MINTEK
Thermodynamics and its applications an overview by Jones E-mail: Abstract: The laws of thermodynamics provide an elegant mathematical expression of some empirically-discovered facts of nature. The principle of energy conservation allows the energy requirements for processes to be calculated. The principle of increasing entropy (and the resulting free-energy minimization) allows predictions to be made of the extent to which those processes may proceed. Originally presented at: SAIMM Pyrometallurgy School MINTEK , Randburg, 20-21 May 1997 11 INTRODUCTION Pyrometallurgy, by its very nature, involves high temperatures and the application of energy to materials. For this reason, the study of thermodynamics is one of the most important fundamentals of the subject. What is thermodynamics? Thermodynamics is a collection of useful mathematical relations between quantities, every one of which is independently measurable. Although thermodynamics tells us nothing whatsoever of the microscopic explanation of macroscopic changes, it is useful because it can be used to quantify many unknowns.
3 As will be shown in the next section, the energy required for any steady-state flow process is essentially the difference in enthalpy between the products and reactants, plus the amount of
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