Transcription of Section 1.3: Valid and Invalid Arguments
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Section 1.3: Valid and Invalid Arguments
Section : Valid and Invalid ArgumentsNow we have developed the basic language of logic, we shall start toconsider how logic can be used to determine whether or not a givenargument is Valid . In order to do this, we shall first formallydefineexactly what we mean by an argument and then discuss differentvalidand Invalid types of argument and how to distinguish Definition of a Valid and Invalid ArgumentWe start with the definition of an argument (form) is a sequence of statements (forms).All statements (forms) in an argument (form) except for the final one,are called premises (or assumptions, or hypothesis). The final state-ment (form) is called the conclusion. The symbol which is read therefore is normally placed just before the we have a formal definition for an argument, we can state whatwe mean by a Valid argument form is Valid if whenever true statementsare substituted in for the statement variables the conclusions is alwaystrue.
3. Invalid Arguments or Fallacies To finish, we look at some typical invalid arguments. A fallacy is an errorinreasoning which leads toaninvalid argument. Thoughthere are far to many fallacies …
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