Transcription of SELECTIVE PERCEPTION
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CHAPTER1 SELECTIVEPERCEPTION"Wedonotfirstsee,then define,wedefinefirstandthensee."-WalterL ippmann(citedinSnyder&Uranowitz,1978) , , ,butaswillbecomeclear, , (1949).BrunerandPostmanpresentedpeoplewi thaseriesoffiveplayingcardsonatachis-tos cope(amachinethatcandisplaypicturesforve rybriefintervals), !BrunerandPostmanfoundthatittookpeoplemo rethanfourtimeslongertorecognizeatrickca rdthananor-malcard,andtheyfoundthatmostr eactionstotheincongruitycouldbecategoriz edasoneoffourtypes:dominance,compromise, disrup-tion, "perceptualdenial."Forexample,facedwitha blackthreeofhearts, ,formisdominantandcolorisassimilatedtopr iorexpectations,andinthesecondcase,color 1516 PERCEPTION ,MEMORY, 'sexperi-ment,27of28subjects(or96percent ofthepeople) ,someofBrunerandPostman' "greyish"fourofspades,orthataredsixofclu bswas"thesixofclubsilluminatedbyredlight "(remember,experi-mentalsubjectswereshow nthecardsonatachistoscope).
SELECTIVE PERCEPTION "We do not first see, then define, we define first and then see." ... that you are looking at things in a completely unbiased way, but as will ... hearts, people were very sure that the card was a normal three of hearts or a normal three of spades. In the first case, form is dominant and
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