SIGN 147 • Management of chronic heart failure

SIGN 147 Management of chronic heart failureA national clinical guideline March 2016 Office | Gyle Square |1 South Gyle Crescent | Edinburgh | EH12 9EB Telephone 0131 623 4300 Fax 0131 623 4299 Glasgow Office | Delta House | 50 West Nile Street | Glasgow | G1 2 NPTelephone 0141 225 6999 Fax 0141 248 3776 The Healthcare Environment Inspectorate, the Scottish Health Council, the Scottish Health Technologies Group, the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) and the Scottish Medicines Consortium are key components of our organisation. KEY TO EVIDENCE STATEMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONSLEVELS OF EVIDENCE1++High-quality meta-analyses, systematic reviews of RCTs, or RCTs with a very low risk of bias1+Well-conducted meta-analyses, systematic reviews, or RCTs with a low risk of bias1 -Meta-analyses, systematic reviews, or RCTs with a high risk of bias2++ High-quality systematic reviews of case-control or cohort studies High-quality case-control or cohort studies with a very low risk of confounding or bias and a high probability that the relationship is causal2+Well-conducted case-control or cohort studies with a low risk of confounding or bias and a moderate

Management of chronic heart failure 1 • Introduction 1 Introduction 1.1 THE NEED FOR A GUIDELINE It is estimated that around 2.3 million people in the United Kingdom (UK) have coronary heart disease, 500,000 of whom have heart failure. 1 In Scotland in 2013 the estimated prevalence in men of all ages was 1.44%, and 1.22% for the UK.

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  Earth, Management, Failure, Chronic, Heart failure, Management of chronic heart failure

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