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SIMILAR MATRICES Similar Matrices - Mathematics

SIMILAR MatricesFix a linear transformationT:Rn Rnand an ordered basis,B= (~v1,..,~vn), ofRn. The standard matrix [T] and thematrix ofTwith respect toB, [T]B, are related by[T]S=S[T]Band [T] =S[T]BS 1and [T]B=S 1[T] hereS=[~v1| |~vn]is the change of basis matrix of the basis. In order to understand this relationshipbetter, it is convenient to take it as a definition and then study it twon nmatrices,AandB, we say thatAissimilartoBif there existsan invertiblen nmatrix,S, so thatAS= , this is equivalently, toA=SBS 1orB=S : IfAis SIMILAR toIn, thenA= :A=[2 31 2]is similarB=[100 1]. To see this, letS=[3 11 1],and computeAS=[3 11 1]= : IfAis SIMILAR toB, thenA2is SIMILAR toB2.

the product of two invertible matrices and so is invertible. It is not easy, in general, to tell whether two matrices are similar and this is a question we will return to later in the class. It can be easy to tell when they are not similar. Theorem 2.1. If Aand Bare similar, then null(A) = null(B) (and so rank(A) = rank(B)). Proof.

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