Transcription of STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF BIO- MOLECULES
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STRUCTURE and FUNCTION of biomolecules - 8 - STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF BIO- MOLECULES Table of contents 1. Introduction 9 2. Proteins 13 o The Amino Acids o The Peptide bond o The Protein Conformation o The secondary structures: -helix and -sheet 3. Lipids 25 o Fatty Acids o Hormones derived from Fatty Acids o Neutral Fats (complex lipids) o Other complex lipids o Micelles lipid double layers o Simple Lipids 4. Carbohydrates (saccharides) 32 o Monosaccharides o The glycosidic bond o Disaccharides and polysaccharides (Glycanes) o Glycoaminoglycans o Glycoproteins 5. Polynucleotides 42 o Polynucleotides o Ribozymes o The DNA/RNA molecule o The genetic code o Flow of the genetic information 6.
Structure and function of Biomolecules - 15 - Proteins, polysaccharides, DNA, and RNA are macromolecules. Lipids are not generally classed as macromolecules even though they share some of their features; for example, most are synthesized as linear polymers of a smaller molecule (the acetyl group on acetyl CoA),
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