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INDIAN PEDIATRICS227 VOLUME 52__MARCH 15, 2015 Surfactant Replacement Therapy in Extremely Low Gestational AgeNewbornsM EIBISBERGER, E RESCH AND B RESCHFrom Research Unit for Neonatal Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, Division of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics,Medical University of Graz, to: Prof. Dr. Bernhard Resch, Division of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics, Medical University of Graz,Auenbruggerplatz 34/2, 8036 Graz, Austria. trials have been carried out to establishthe relative efficacy of various surfactantproducts in improving clinical outcome inpreterm infants with respiratory distresssyndrome (RDS). Meta-analyses of trials comparingnatural and synthetic surfactants showed a clear reductionin air leaks and suggested improved survival with naturalsurfactants [1]. In 2000, Ainsworth, et al. [2] reported ahigher mortality rate in infants receiving a syntheticsurfactant compared with the natural Surfactant .
This less invasive surfactant administration technique shows some short-term benefits but still cannot be recommended for general use in this vulnerable popu lation. Long-term follow-up studies are needed to allow new recommendations on surfactant therapy in this high-risk population.
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