Transcription of TARGET ARTICLE The “What” and “Why” of Goal Pursuits ...
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TARGET ARTICLE The “What” and “Why” of Goal Pursuits ...
TARGET ARTICLEThe What and Why of Goal Pursuits :Human needs and the Self-Determination of BehaviorEdward L. Deci and Richard M. RyanDepartment of PsychologyUniversity of RochesterSelf-determination theory (SDT) maintains that an understanding of human motiva-tion requires a consideration of innate psychological needs for competence, auton-omy, and relatedness. We discuss the SDT concept of needs as it relates to previousneed theories, emphasizing that needs specify the necessary conditions for psycholog-ical growth, integrity, and well-being.
support satisfaction of the basic needs facilitate natural growth processes including intrinsically motivated behavior and integration of extrinsic motivations, whereas those that forestall autonomy, competence, or relatedness are associated with poorer motivation, performance, and well-being. We also discuss the relation of the psycho-
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