Transcription of Techniques of Integration
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CHAPTER7 Techniquesof Integration ,unlike differentiation,is moreofanart-formthana problemsinappliedmathematicsinvolve theintegrationoffunctionsgivenbycomplica tedformulae, beableto usetheTableseffectively. Theseare:substitution, , ( ).To integratea differen-tialf x dxwhichis notinthetable,wefirstseeka functionu u x sothatthegivendifferentialcanberewritten asa differentialg u duwhichdoesappearin ,if g u du G u C, weknowthat f x dx G u x C. x 2x 1dx ?Letu 2x 1, sothatdu 2dxandx u 1 x 2x 1dx u 12u1 2du2 14 u3 2 u1 2 du 14 25u5 2 23u3 2 C( ) 130u3 2 3u 5 C 130 2x 1 3 2 6x 2 C 115 2x 1 3 2 3x 1 C ( )whereat theendwehave replaceduby2x tanxdx ?
The point of the partial fractions expansion is that integration of a rational function can be reduced to the following formulae, once we have determined the roots of the polynomial in the denominator. Proposition 7.2 a) dx x a ln x a C b) du u2 b2 1 …
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