Transcription of TERATOGENS AND THEIR EFFECTS - Columbia University
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TERATOGENS AND THEIR EFFECTS - Columbia University
23-1 Wendy Chung, : 851-5313e-mail: congenital malformation is an anatomical or structural abnormality present at birth. Congenitalmalformations may be caused by genetic factors or environmental insults or a combination of thetwo that occur during prenatal development. Most common congenital malformations demonstratemultifactorial inheritance with a threshold effect and are determined by a combination of genetic andenvironmental factors. During the first two weeks of gestation, teratogenic agents usually kill theembryo rather than cause congenital malformations. Major malformations are more common inearly embryos than in newborns; however, most severely affected embryos are spontaneouslyaborted during the first six to eight weeks of gestation. During organogenesis between days 15 to60, teratogenic agents are more likely to cause major congenital malformations.
23-1 Wendy Chung, M.D. Ph.D. Telephone: 851-5313 e-mail: wkc15@columbia.edu SUMMARY A congenital malformation is an anatomical or structural abnormality present at birth.
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