Transcription of The Bandgap Reference
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The Bandgap Reference
A circuit for All SeASonSBehzad Razavi IEEE SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS MAGAZINE Summer 2016 9 SSince its inception in the late 1960s, the Bandgap circuit has served as an essential component in most inte-grated circuits. This simple, robust idea provides a temperature-indepen-dent (TI) voltage and a proportional-to-absolute-temperature (PTAT) current. In this article, we study the principles of Bandgap circuit Brief HistorySemiconductor technology does not directly offer any electric quantity that is nominally independent of the ambi-ent temperature. Thus, temperature independence has generally been envi-sioned in the form of combining two phenomena that have opposite tem-perature coefficients (TCs).
the circuit turns on and reaches the desired operating point, M 3 and M 4 turn off. Low-Voltage Bandgap References The basic bandgap expression, VV BE +17.,2 T takes on a value of about 1.25 V at T = 300K, defying direct implementation in today’s low-voltage technologies. We describe one low-voltage example and refer the reader to [10] and ...
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