Transcription of The Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA)
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TheEllipticCurveDigitalSignatureAlgorith m (ECDSA) DonJohnson andAlfredMenezes andScottVanstone CerticomResearch,Canada Combinatorics& Optimization,Universityof Waterloo, CanadaEmails: djohnson,amenezes, svanstone DigitalSignatureAlgorithm (ECDSA) is theellipticcurveanalogueof theDigitalSignatureAlgorithm(DSA).It wasacceptedin 1999asanANSI standard,andwasacceptedin 2000asIEEEandNIST standards. It wasalsoacceptedin 1998asanISOstandard,andis underconsiderationforinclusionin someotherISOstandards. Unlike theordinary discretelogarithmproblemandtheintegerfac torizationproblem,nosubexponential-timea lgorithmis knownfortheellipticcurve ,thestrength-per-key-bitis substantiallygreaterin analgorithmthatusesellipticcurves. ,anddiscussesrelatedsecurity, implementation, (DSA)wasspecifiedin a GovernmentFederalInformationProcessingSt andard(FIPS)calledtheDigitalSignatureSta ndard(DSS[70]).
Digital signature schemes are designed to provide the digital counterpart to hand-written signatures (and more). A digital signature is a number dependent on some secret known only to the signer (the signer’s private key), and, additionally, on the contents of the message being signed. Signatures must be verifiable — if a dispute
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