Transcription of The Free High School Science Texts: A Textbook for High ...
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TheFreeHighSchool ScienceTexts:A TextbookforHighSchool Students , 20051 2003\FreeHighSchool ScienceTexts"Permissionis grantedto copy, distributeand/ormodifythisdocu-ment underthetermsof theGNUFreeDocumentationLicense, any laterversionpublishedby theFreeSoftwareFoun-dation;withnoInvaria nt Sections,noFront-Cover Texts,andnoBack-Cover copy of thelicenseis includedin thesectionentitled\GNUFreeDocumentationL icense".iContentsIMATTERANDMATERIALS11 Classi cationof Materials(Grade10)22 Whatis mattermadeof? (Grade10)33 TheAtom(Grade10) theatom.. Model/ QuantumMechanicalModel.. guration.. of ionizationenergyto supportatomarrangement inPeriodicTable.. ionisationenergiestoprovideevidenceforar range-ment of electronsinto coreandvalence..94 Atomiccombinations,Molecularstructure,Ch emicalBonding(Grade11) .. a molecule?.. of bonding.. bonding.. molecularstructure..165 Atomicnuclei(Grade11) theatommadeof?
the two electron energy levels! Once an electron is in its lowest orbit, it cannot go down any further. Bohr calculated the size of the Hydrogen atom (nucleus plus one electron) by calcu-lating the distance between the nucleus and the electron in its lowest energy level. This distance is known as the Bohr radius.
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