Transcription of The Properties of Materials - Princeton University
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The Properties of Materials - Princeton University
July 28, 2011 Time: 10 Properties of MaterialsFORCES: DYNAMICS AND STATICSWe all have some intuitive idea about the mechanics of the world aroundus, an idea built up largely from our own experience. However, a properscientifi understanding of mechanics has taken centuries to achieve. IsaacNewton was of course the founder of the science of mechanics; he was thefirs to describe and understand the ways in which moving bodies the concepts of inertia and force, he showed that the behav-ior of moving bodies could be summed up in three laws of ) The law of inertia: An object in motion will remain in motionunless acted upon by a net force. The inertia of an object is itsreluctance to change its ) The law of acceleration: The acceleration of a body is equal tothe force applied to it divided by its mass, as summarized in theequationF=ma,( )whereFis the force;m,themass;anda, the ) The law of reciprocal action: To every action there is an equaland opposite reaction.
Stress is expressed in SI units of newtons per square meter (Nm−2) or pascals (Pa). Unfortunately, this unit is inconveniently small, so most ... Many material properties can be determined from the results of a tensile ... the differences between true stress and strain and engineering stress and
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