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THE REGULATION AND USE OF RADIOISOTOPES IN …
Nuclear RegulatoryCommissionTHE REGULATIONAND USE OFRADIOISOTOPES INTODAY'S WORLDThe REGULATION and use of RADIOISOTOPES in today s world1 IntroductionMore than 100 years ago, scientistsdiscovered that many elements com-monly found on earth occur in differ-ent atomic configurations. These vary-ing configurations, called isotopes,were found to have identical electroni-cally charged particles and identicalchemical properties, but differentatomic weights and physical was soon discovered that some iso-topes of elements were dense central portion (called thenucleus) of an atom of the elementemits energy in several different are simply atoms withnuclei that are seeking a more stablenuclear configuration by emitting ra-diation. Scientists have learned thatmore RADIOISOTOPES could be created bysubjecting certain elements to radiationinside a nuclear reactor or bombard-ing them using a particle we have learned to harnessthese RADIOISOTOPES for use in our mod-ern, high-tech world.
The process of radioactive decay, in which radioisotopes lose their radio-activity over time, is measured in half-lives. A half-life of a radioactive ma-terial is the time it takes one-half of the atoms of the radioisotope to decay by emitting radiation. The half-life of a radioisotope can range from fractions of a second (radon-220) to millions of
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