Transcription of The Role of Consciousness in Second Language Learning
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The Role of Consciousness in Second Language Learning
The Role of Consciousness in Second LanguageLearning{RICHARD W. SCHMIDTThe University of Hawaii at ManoaThis paper summarizes recent psychological research and theory on the topicof Consciousness and looks at three questions in Second Language learningrelated to the role of Consciousness in input processing: whether consciousawareness at the level of 'noticing' is necessary for Language Learning (thesubliminal Learning issue); whether it is necessary to consciously 'pay attention'in order to learn (the incidental Learning issue); and whether learner hypothesesbased on input are the result of conscious insight and understanding or anunconscious process of abstraction (the implicit Learning issue). I conclude thatsubliminal Language Learning is impossible, and that noticing is the necessaryand sufficient condition for converting input to intake.}
avoided altogether in a theory of language acquisition. McLaughlin, Rossman, and McLeod (1983) argue against Krashen's 'learning-acquisition' distinction because it rests on what they consider to be the unsupportable distinction between conscious and unconscious knowledge. In a recent discussion of
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