Transcription of THEORY AND APPLICATION OF CONDUCTIVITY
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BACKGROUNDC onductivity is a measure of how well a solutionconducts electricity. To carry a current a solution mustcontain charged particles, or ions. Most conductivitymeasurements are made in aqueous solutions, andthe ions responsible for the CONDUCTIVITY come fromelectrolytes dissolved in the water. Salts (like sodiumchloride and magnesium sulfate), acids (likehydrochloric acid and acetic acid), and bases (likesodium hydroxide and ammonia) are all water itself is not an electrolyte, it does havea very small CONDUCTIVITY , implying that at least someions are present. The ions are hydrogen and hydroxide,and they originate from the dissociation of molecularwater. See Figure is not specific.
contacting sensors, the product of the cell constant and conductance is the conductivity. The walls of the tank or pipe in which the sensor is installed also influence the cell constant—the so-called wall effect. A metal (conducting) wall near the sensor increases the induced current, leading to increased
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