Understanding Cancer in Golden Retrievers

About forty years ago, my aunt was diagnosed with breast can-cer. Back then, no one talked about breast Cancer , as if there weresome shame in the diagnosis. In fact, no one talked about cancermuch at all and when conversation was necessary, it was inhushed voices. Amazingly, the C word was actually withheldsometimes even from the patient. This was a time when Cancer wasa private family matter, not a community health in 1973, President Nixon declared war on Cancer , and ayear later First Lady Betty Ford announced publicly that she hadbreast Cancer . Those two events were pivotal in changing public atti-tudes toward Cancer .

This is called the “multiple hit” theory of cancer, and applies to humans as well as dogs. It is estimated that cancers require at least 5-6 meaningful mutations to gain a foothold, and probably more. These mutations can occur in germ line cells – the sperm and the egg – and they can occur in somatic cells. And it is most likely

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  Theory, Dongle, Germ, Retriever, Golden retriever

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