Transcription of Understanding Solar Indices - ARRL
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Understanding Solar Indices - ARRL
38 September 2002By Ian Poole, G3 YWXOne of the key skills for any HFDXer is to know how to judgewhat band conditions may be may be excellent one day withmany stations audible from all over theworld, but a few days later it may be thatonly a few stations are audible. To be ableto gain an idea about conditions, threemain Indices are used: Solar flux, and theAp and Kp Indices . A good workingknowledge of what these numbers repre-sent and what they mean is an advantageeven for the ham with most ionosphere can be visualized ascontaining a number of layers.
The ionosphere can be visualized as containing a number of layers. In fact, there is ionization throughout the iono-sphere; the layers are really peaks in the levels of ionization, as we can see from Figure 1. The ionosphere affects radio waves because according to the level of ionization, the signals are refracted, i.e.,
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