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Understanding the Effective Receptive Field in Deep ...

Understanding the Effective Receptive Field inDeep Convolutional Neural NetworksWenjie Luo Yujia Li Raquel UrtasunRichard ZemelDepartment of Computer ScienceUniversity of Toronto{wenjie, yujiali, urtasun, study characteristics of Receptive fields of units in deep convolutional Receptive Field size is a crucial issue in many visual tasks, as the output mustrespond to large enough areas in the image to capture information about largeobjects. We introduce the notion of an Effective Receptive Field , and show that itboth has a Gaussian distribution and only occupies a fraction of the full theoreticalreceptive Field . We analyze the Effective Receptive Field in several architecturedesigns, and the effect of nonlinear activations, dropout, sub-sampling and skipconnections on it.}

lead some deep CNNs to start with a small effective receptive field, which then grows during training. This potentially indicates a bad initialization bias. Below we present the theory in Section 2 and some empirical observations in Section 3, which aim at understanding the effective receptive field for deep CNNs. We discuss a few potential ...

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