Transcription of Upper Midwest Beef Cow Mineral-Vitamin Nutrition
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Upper Midwest Beef Cow Mineral-Vitamin Nutrition
Upper Midwest beef CowMineral-VitaminNutritionDan Buskirk*, Gretchen Hill*, Harlan Ritchie*, Doug Nielsen**Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University**Lake City Experiment Station, Michigan State UniversityExtension Bulletin E-2810 New July 2002 Adequate Mineral-Vitamin Nutrition is vital inoptimizing animal growth, lactation,reproductive function and immune Figure 1 illustrates, clinical signs of mineraldeficiencies may be obvious only after the mineralstatus of the animal has dropped below thresholdlevels that may have affected response to vaccination,immunity to diseaseand parasitechallenges, growth least 17 mineralsare required by beefcattle. They areclassified as macro-nutrients (required inlarge amounts) or asmicronutrients (smallamounts). Many of theessential minerals arefound in sufficientconcentrations incommon minerals arefrequently insufficientin diets fed to cattle, andsupplementation isnecessary to optimizeanimal performance are nutrients required daily inrelatively large amounts (grams): calcium (Ca),chlorine (Cl), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P),potassium (K), sodium (Na) and sulfur (S).
2 Upper Midwest Beef Cow Mineral-Vitamin Nutrition Chlorine is the major anion in fluid outside of cells. Chlorine, sodium and potassium are involved in maintaining water
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