Transcription of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP)
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Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP)
1 Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP)Victoria J. Fraser, MD,Adolphus Busch Professor of Medicine and ChairmanWashington University School of MedicineDisclosures & Acknowledgements Consultant: Battelle, AHRQ HAI Metrics Project Grants: CDC Epicenters Grant, AHRQ R24 Complex Patients & CER Infrastructure Grant, NIH CTSA, Clinical Research Training Center, Barnes Jewish Hospital Foundation, Thanks to Marin Kollef, Sara Cosgrove, Trish Perl and Lisa Maragakisfor sharing slides2 Objectives Review the epidemiology of VAP Describe key issues related to diagnosing VAP Identify risk factors for & interventions to prevent VAP Discuss appropriate duration of therapy for VAPE pidemiology VAP: Pneumonia occurring 48-72 hrs after intubation and start of mechanical ventilation 2ndmost common ICU infection 80% of all nosocomial Pneumonia Responsible for of all ICU antibiotics Increased risk with duration of mechanical ventilation (MV) Rises 1-3% per day Concentrated over 1st5-10 days of MV3 Epidemiology of VAP Approximately 300,000 cases annually & 5 10 cases per 1,000 admissions Prevalence 5 67% # 1 cause of death among nosocomial infections Increases hospitalization costs by up to $50,000 per patientMcEachern R, Campbell GD.
*Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MRSA* or other organism Potential Reservoirs: Nosocomial Pneumonia Pathogens • Oropharynx • Trachea • Stomach • Respiratory therapy equipment • Paranasal sinuses • Sanctuary (above cuff below cords) • Endotracheal intubation decreases the cough reflex, impedes
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