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WAVE EQUATIONS, WAVE FUNCTIONS AND ORBITALS

Ravi Divakaran WAVE EQUATIONS, WAVE FUNCTIONS AND ORBITALS . According to the quantum mechanical concept, electrons in atoms and molecules are considered as standing waves ' or stationery waves ' (similar to vibrations in a stretched string, but in 3. dimensions). Properties of a wave Consider a standing wave in a stretched string. As we proceed horizontally along the string, the vertical displacement (or amplitude) of the wave increases in one direction, passes through a maximum, decreases to zero and then increases in the opposite direction. The places where the amplitude is zero are called nodes.

The wave functions that are acceptable solutions to this equation give the amplitude Φ as a function of three coordinates x, y and z necessary to describe motion in three dimensions. These electron wave functions are called orbitals. (Any wave equation has a set of solutions – …

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