Transcription of What Determines Productivity?
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Journal of Economic Literature 2011, 49:2, 326 365. What Determines productivity ? Chad Syverson*. Economists have shown that large and persistent differences in productivity levels across businesses are ubiquitous. This finding has shaped research agendas in a num- ber of fields, including (but not limited to) macroeconomics, industrial organization, labor, and trade. This paper surveys and evaluates recent empirical work address- ing the question of why businesses differ in their measured productivity levels. The causes are manifold, and differ depending on the particular setting. They include ele- ments sourced in production practices and therefore over which producers have some direct control, at least in theory as well as from producers' external operat- ing environments.
328 Journal of Economic Literature, Vol. XLIX (June 2011) levels (e.g., Vojislav Maksimovic and Gordon Phillips 2002, Antoinette Schoar 2002, and Ali Hortaçsu and Syverson 2007, 2011). Labor economists have explored the
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