Chapter 2: Reservoir Fluids
waters), which may occur as extensive aquifers underlying or interdigitated with hydrocarbon bearing layers, but always occur within the hydrocarbon bearing layers as connate water. These fluids are commonly saline, with a wide range of compositions and concentrations; Table 2.1 shows an example of a reservoir brine.
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Chapter 5: Porosity - University of Leeds
homepages.see.leeds.ac.uk(xiv) Vug porosity Porosity associated with vugs, commonly in carbonate rocks. It should be noted that if the bulk volume and dry weight, or the bulk volume, saturated weight and porosity of a rock sample is known, then the grain density can be calculated.
16. THE SONIC OR ACOUSTIC LOG 16.1 Introduction
homepages.see.leeds.ac.uk16. THE SONIC OR ACOUSTIC LOG 16.1 Introduction The sonic or acoustic log measures the travel time of an elastic wave through the formation. This information can also be used to derive the velocity of elastic waves through the formation.
17. RESISTIVITY THEORY 17.1 Introduction 17.2 Basic ...
homepages.see.leeds.ac.ukThus, if we take a cylindrical rock sample with two flat faces A and B, and set a potential difference ∆E =E A-E B between its end faces, a currentI will flow through the rock from face A to face B (Fig. 17.1). If we measure the current and the potential difference, we can calculate the resistance of the rock sample using Eq. (17.1).
19. ELECTRICAL LOGGING 19.1 Introduction
homepages.see.leeds.ac.ukElectrical logs are perhaps the most important tools available to a petrophysicist. This is because they provide a method for calculating the water saturation, upon which calculations of STOOIP are based. They were also some of he first logs to be used, with …
5. WIRELINE LOGGING 5.1 What is a Wireline Log
homepages.see.leeds.ac.ukThe tools required to make these measurements are attached to the drill string behind the bit, and do not use a wire relying instead on low band-width radio ... largest wireline companies are Schlumberger and Halliburton, although there is a range of smaller specialist companies too.
4. FLUID SATURATION AND CAPILLARY PRESSURE 4.1 Fluid ...
homepages.see.leeds.ac.ukTake the surface of any liquid droplet, and imagine that a circle is drawn on this surface with radius R. The area of the circle is pR2 (Fig. 4.2). To increase the surface area of this drop by one unit of surface area, work must be done to move molecules from …
15. THE NEUTRON LOG 15.1 Introduction
homepages.see.leeds.ac.uk15. THE NEUTRON LOG 15.1 Introduction The neutron log is sensitive mainly to the amount of hydrogen atoms in a formation. Its main use is in the determination of the porosity of a formation. The tool operates by bombarding the formation with high energy neutrons. These neutrons undergo scattering in the formation, losing energy
StaMPS/MTI Manual - University of Leeds
homepages.see.leeds.ac.ukof >>before a command indicates that the command is a matlab script. 1.2.1Pre-processing There are two potential pre-processing steps before getting to the PS/MTI processing proper. The first is to focus the raw data (if required), and the second is to form interferograms from single-look complex (SLC) images.
Chapter 10: Relative Permeability
homepages.see.leeds.ac.ukTypical intermediate wettability relperm data are shown in Figures 10.17 and 10.18. The shape of the relperm curves is significantly different for the high and low rate floods. However, the volume of oil produced is similar. Figure 10.19 shows steady state data obtained from a core containing mobile kaolinite fines.
2. POROSITY - University of Leeds
homepages.see.leeds.ac.ukbetween 0 and 1, or a percentage varying between 0% and 100%. Sometimes porosity is expressed in ‘porosity units’, which are the same as percent (i.e., 100 porosity units (pu) = 100%). However, the fractional form is ALWAYS used in calculations. Porosity is calculated using the relationship (2.1) where: V pore = pore volume V bulk = bulk ...
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