Covariance, Regression, and Correlation

← Back to document page

In words, the covariance is the mean of the pairwise cross-product xyminus the cross-product of the means. The sampling estimator of ¾(x;y) is similar in form to that for a variance, Cov(x;y)= n(xy¡x¢y) n¡1 (3.9) where nis the number of pairs of observations, and xy= 1 n Xn i=1 x iy i The covariance is a measure of association between xand ...

  Between, Correlations, Regression, Covariance, And correlation