Ecosystem functions and services
carbon sinks (Butler 2008). Changes in ecosystems affect nitrogen, phos-phorus, and sulfur cycles as well (Alexander et al. 1997; Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 2005b; Vitousek et al. 1997). Although nitrogen in its gaseous form (N 2) makes up 80% of the atmo-sphere, it is only made available to organisms through nitrogen fixation by ...
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