Mathematics for Machine Learning - GitHub Pages
inverse is also a homomorphism) is called an isomorphism. If there exists an isomorphism from V to W, then V and W are said to be isomorphic, and we write V ˘=W. Isomorphic vector spaces are essentially \the same" in terms of their algebraic structure. It is an interesting fact that nite-
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Mathematics for Machine Learning - GitHub Pages
gwthomas.github.io2 Notation Notation Meaning R set of real numbers Rn set (vector space) of n-tuples of real numbers, endowed with the usual inner product Rm n set (vector space) of m-by-nmatrices ij Kronecker delta, i.e. ij= 1 if i= j, 0 otherwise rf(x) gradient of the function fat x r2f(x) Hessian of the function fat x A> transpose of the matrix A sample space P(A) probability of event A
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