Code of Practice for Fire Precautions in Rapid Transit ...

1 Code of Practice for fire Precautions in Rapid Transit Systems 2017 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system , or transmitted in any form or by means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the Singapore Civil Defence by : Singapore Civil Defence Force91 Ubi Avenue 4 Singapore 408827 CODE OF Practice FOR fire Precautions IN Rapid Transit SYSTEMS REVIEW COMMITTEE The Code of Practice for fire Precautions in Rapid Transit Systems Review Committee comprises the following members.

2 Advisor Commissioner Eric Yap Singapore Civil Defence ForceChairman SAC Christopher Tan Singapore Civil Defence ForceSecretary CPT Muhd Izwan Ibrahim Singapore Civil Defence ForceEditor Mr Tan Eu Seng, Randy Singapore Civil Defence ForceMembers Er Adeline Koh Association of Consulting Engineers, Singapore Er Vincent Tong Association of Consulting Engineers, Singapore Er Au Kow Liong Institution of Engineers, Singapore Er Heng Eu Chang, Leonard Institution of Engineers, Singapore Mrs Ong-Koh Wee Nah Land Transport Authority Er Melvyn Thong Land Transport Authority Er Hadi Wijaya Land Transport Authority Mr Poon Chee Keong, Ernest Land Transport Authority Er (Dr)

3 Cheong Mun Kit, Eric Land Transport Authority Mdm Eng Yew Hoon PBM Singapore Institute of Architects Mr Tan Beng Leong Singapore Institute of Architects Mr Heng Chai Liang Singapore Civil Defence Force Mr Lee Wee Keong Singapore Civil Defence Force LTC Chong Kim Yuan Singapore Civil Defence Force Mr Vijayaratnam Karuppaiah Singapore Civil Defence ForceEditorial Team CPT Anne Claudine Tan Singapore Civil Defence Force LTA Amy Ling Singapore Civil Defence Force i CONTENTSCHAPTER 1 - SCOPE .. PURPOSE .. CHARACTERISTICS OF fire SAFETY .. Abbreviation .. Aboveground station.

4 Aboveground trainway .. Ancillary area .. Area of station .. Area of refuge.. Atrium .. Backlayering .. Basement storey .. Boundary .. Buffer areas .. Cavity barrier .. Ceiling .. Circulation space .. Compartment .. Compartment wall/compartment floor .. Concealed space (cavity) .. Corridor .. Critical velocity .. Cubical extent of station or compartment .. Dead-end .. Detraining load .. Direct distance .. Door .. Element of structure .. Emergency lighting and exit lighting .. Engineering analysis .. Entraining load .. Exit .. Exit door .. Exit access.

5 Exit access door .. Exit passageway ..9ii Exit staircase .. External cladding .. External exit staircase .. External exit passageway.. External wall (or side of a station) .. fire resistance .. fire stop .. fire lift lobby .. Firefighting/exit staircase .. Guideway .. Habitable floor .. Habitable height .. Headway .. Heat release rate .. Height of station .. High hazard occupancy .. Link load .. Load bearing wall .. Masonry .. Non-load bearing wall.. Notional boundary .. Non-combustible material.. Non- Transit occupancy .. Operation Control Centre .. Permitted limit of unprotected area.

6 Point of safety.. Protected shaft .. Protecting structure .. Public area .. Railway .. Rapid Transit system .. Relevant boundary .. Relevant authority .. Rooflight .. Room .. Separated part (of a station).. Separating wall .. Smoke-stop lobby.. Station .. Station, open and enclosed .. Passenger Service Centre .. Station platform .. Trainway .. Train-peak load ..15 iii Underground station .. Unprotected area .. Vertical exit .. Wall surface .. STATION Purpose of a station .. Ancillary areas .. Light-emitting diode (LED) digital screens .. Shops .. Aboveground stations.

7 Automatic vending machines .. Commercial spaces .. Trades and services .. CABLE Installation requirements .. Cables for fire safety equipment ..18 CHAPTER 2 - STATION MEANS OF SCOPE AND PURPOSE .. OCCUPANT Occupant load for Transit station.. Maximum occupant load for each platform .. Commercial spaces and ancillary areas occupant load .. MEANS OF ESCAPE FROM PLATFORM PUBLIC AREA TO POINT OF Means of escape from platform .. fire Safety Requirements for Persons With Disabilities (PWD) .. Stairs and escalators .. Platform evacuation .. Evacuation to safety .. fire safety engineering analysis.

8 Determination of exit capacity .. Capacity of means of escape .. Capacity of fare collection gates and turnstiles .. Gate-type emergency exits .. MEANS OF ESCAPE FROM COMMERCIAL SPACES AND ANCILLARY Number of exit staircases or exits .. Single means of escape .. Direct access .. Buffer areas .. Cable chamber and under-platform services ducts .. Capacity of exit facilities ..27iv Maximum travel distance .. Determination of travel distance .. MEANS OF ESCAPE REQUIREMENTS - Smoke-free approach to exit staircase of elevated stations .. Smoke-free approach in basement .. Area of refuge and exit reduction.

9 Minimum width .. Dead-end .. Exit staircase .. Scissors exit staircase .. Basement exit staircase .. Spiral staircase .. Exit ramp .. Exit passageways.. Escalators .. Doors and exit doors .. Fare collection gates and turnstiles .. Gate-type emergency exits at fare control line .. Two-way escape (Remoteness of exits).. Exit lighting .. Exit and directional sign .. Photo luminescent marking .. Non-habitable roof .. Fixed ladders ..41 CHAPTER 3 - STATION STRUCTURAL fire SCOPE AND PURPOSE .. PROVISION OF COMPARTMENT WALLS AND COMPARTMENT Compartment size - floor area & cubical extent.

10 Cubical extent for compartment exceeding 4m in height .. Compartmentation by height .. Situations shall require compartmentation .. fire RESISTANCE OF ELEMENTS OF Minimum periods of fire resistance.. Exemption for non-loadbearing external walls .. Exemption for single storey structure .. Interpretation and application of .. Suspended ceiling .. fire rated board for steel structure ..54 v TEST OF fire fire resistance .. Deem to satisfy provisions .. EXTERNAL Requirements of external walls .. Unprotected areas in any side of a station .. Cladding on external walls .. Reference to Appendix C.