Standard Practice for Roads and Parking Lots …

1 Designation: D 6433 07 Standard Practice forRoads and Parking Lots pavement Condition IndexSurveys1 This Standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6433; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or This Practice covers the determination of Roads andparking lots pavement condition through visual surveys usingthe pavement Condition index (PCI) method of quantifyingpavement The PCI for Roads and Parking lots was developed by Army Corps of Engineers(1,2).

2 2It is further verified andadopted by DOD and The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the Standard . The SI units given in parentheses are forinformation Standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this Standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to precau-tionary statements are given in of Terms Specific to This sample a sample unit inspected in addi-tion to the random sample units to include nonrepresentativesample units in the determination of the pavement includes very poor or excellent samples that are nottypical of the section and sample units, which contain anunusual distress such as a utility cut.

3 If a sample unitcontaining an unusual distress is chosen at random it should becounted as an additional sample unit and another randomsample unit should be chosen. If every sample unit is surveyed,then there are no additional sample concrete (AC) surface aggregate mixturewith an asphalt cement binder. This term also refers to surfacesconstructed of coal tars and natural tars for purposes of branch a branch is an identifiable part ofthe pavement network that is a single entity and has a distinctfunction. For example, each roadway or Parking area is aseparate condition index (PCI) a numerical ratingof the pavement condition that ranges from 0 to 100 with 0being the worst possible condition and 100 being the bestpossible condition rating a verbal description ofpavement condition as a function of the PCI value that variesfrom failed to excellent as shown inFig.

4 Distress external indicators of pavementdeterioration caused by loading, environmental factors, con-struction deficiencies, or a combination thereof. Typical dis-tresses are cracks, rutting, and weathering of the pavementsurface. Distress types and severity levels detailed inAppendixX1for AC, andAppendix X2for PCC pavements must be usedto obtain an accurate PCI sample unit a subdivision of a pavementsection that has a Standard size range: 20 contiguous slabs (68slabs if the total number of slabs in the section is not evenlydivided by 20 or to accommodate specific field condition) forPCC pavement , and 2500 contiguous square feet,61000 ft2(225690 m2), if the pavement is not evenly divided by 2500or to accommodate specific field condition, for AC section a contiguous pavement area hav-ing uniform construction, maintenance, usage history, andcondition.

5 A section should have the same traffic volume andload cement concrete (PCC) pavement aggregate mixture with portland cement binder includingnonreinforced and reinforced jointed sample a sample unit of the pavementsection selected for inspection by random sampling techniques,such as a random number table or systematic random Summary of The pavement is divided into branches that are dividedinto sections. Each section is divided into sample units. Thetype and severity of pavement distress is assessed by visual1 This Practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E17 on Vehicle - pavement Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee onPavement Testing, Evaluation, and Management edition approved Dec.

6 1, 2007. Published January 2008. Originallyapproved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D 6433 boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end ofthis ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United of the pavement sample units. The quantity of thedistress is measured as described inAppendix X1 and Appen-dix X2. The distress data are used to calculate the PCI for eachsample unit. The PCI of the pavement section is determinedbased on the PCI of the inspected sample units within Significance and The PCI is a numerical indicator that rates the surfacecondition of the pavement .

7 The PCI provides a measure of thepresent condition of the pavement based on the distressobserved on the surface of the pavement , which also indicatesthe structural integrity and surface operational condition (lo-calized roughness and safety). The PCI cannot measure struc-tural capacity nor does it provide direct measurement of skidresistance or roughness. It provides an objective and rationalbasis for determining maintenance and repair needs andpriorities. Continuous monitoring of the PCI is used to estab-lish the rate of pavement deterioration, which permits earlyidentification of major rehabilitation needs.

8 The PCI providesfeedback on pavement performance for validation or improve-ment of current pavement design and maintenance Sheets, or other field recording instruments thatrecord at a minimum the following information: date, location,branch, section, sample unit size, slab number and size, distresstypes, severity levels, quantities, and names of data sheets for AC and PCC pavements are shown inFigs. 2 and Odometer Wheel, that reads to the nearest ft(30 mm). or String Line, (AC only), 10 ft (3 m). , 12 in. (300 mm) that reads to1 8in. (3 mm) orbetter. Additional 12-in.

9 (300 mm) ruler or straightedge isneeded to measure faulting in PCC Plan, for network to be Traffic is a hazard as inspectors may walk on thepavement to perform the condition Sampling and Sample Identify branches of the pavement with different usessuch as roadways and Parking on the network layout Divide each branch into sections based on the pave-ments design, construction history, traffic, and Divide the pavement sections into sample units. If thepavement slabs in PCC have joint spacing greater than 25 ft (8m) subdivide each slab into imaginary slabs. The imaginaryslabs all should be less than or equal to 25 ft (8 m) in length,and the imaginary joints dividing the slabs are assumed to bein perfect condition.

10 This is needed because the deduct valuesdeveloped for jointed concrete slabs are less than or equal to 25ft (8 m). Individual sample units to be inspected should bemarked or identified in a manner to allow inspectors andquality control personnel to easily locate them on the pavementsurface. Paint marks along the edge and sketches with locationsconnected to physical pavement features are acceptable. It isnecessary to be able to accurately relocate the sample units toallow verification of current distress data, to examine changesin condition with time of a particular sample unit, and to enablefuture inspections of the same sample unit if Select the sample units to be inspected.