줄기 잎 그림 stem and leaf - wolfpack.hnu.ac.kr

1 Exploratory Data Analysis | Spring, 2012 | chapter 2. Univariate Analysis | 8 Professor Kwon, Sehyug | Dept. of Statistics, HANNAM Univ. stem and leaf + 1) . (1) ? skewed ? (2) (modal) ? ? 2) . + ( ) ( ) + . plot .. CEO 100 10 plot . 8~12 .. (stem) . Exploratory Data Analysis | Spring, 2012 | chapter 2.

2 Univariate Analysis | 9 Professor Kwon, Sehyug | Dept. of Statistics, HANNAM Univ. 100 58, 1103 0 11 . (stem) .. CEO .. - . - + . + ds$ ; ds - ( : inch) . 1) - . 2) - . Exploratory Data Analysis | Spring, 2012 | chapter 2. Univariate Analysis | 10 Professor Kwon, Sehyug | Dept. of Statistics, HANNAM Univ. + Stem-leaf plot > stem-leaf plot.

3 > ( ) => > > > ( ) - 90 ( bar chart ) . ( ) stem-leaf plot .. (1) stem-leaf plot . CEO ()(xf) 1 . (2) , symmetric (bell-shaped) , skewed to the right positively skewed skewed to the left negatively skewed Exploratory Data Analysis | Spring, 2012 | chapter 2. Univariate Analysis | 11 Professor Kwon, Sehyug | Dept. of Statistics, HANNAM Univ.

4 > < .. XX * mild pos. )log(*XX pos. XX/1* severe pos. XX/1* more severe 2*XX mild neg. 3*XX extreme neg. ( ) Anderson-Darling test for normality ( 95% ) Exploratory Data Analysis | Spring, 2012 | chapter 2. Univariate Analysis | 12 Professor Kwon, Sehyug | Dept. of Statistics, HANNAM Univ. , . (3) .. bi-modal .. CEO . uni-modal bi-modal / multi-modal 2.

5 100 bi-modal .. 3-4 . ? .. 2 .. Exploratory Data Analysis | Spring, 2012 | chapter 2. Univariate Analysis | 13 Professor Kwon, Sehyug | Dept. of Statistics, HANNAM Univ. ( ?) 1) , . t- , F- . 3 .. 2) n ? : (bar chart, pie chart) ( , ) ( : ) . CEO 30 CEO.

6 P- two-sided( ) . 350: aH( ) p- 350: aH( ) p- .. (4) (range= - ) (spread) . ( ) (range) (5) (outlier) (outlier) .. stem-leaf plot . CEO 1103( ) . (Box-plot . CEO CEO CEO ( ).)

7 Exploratory Data Analysis | Spring, 2012 | chapter 2. Univariate Analysis | 14 Professor Kwon, Sehyug | Dept. of Statistics, HANNAM Univ. , .. 1103( ) . CEO . ( ) . + 8-10 .. - . > (squeezed stems) . 1-20 1-2, 3-4, 5-6, .., 19-20 20 10 . 2 , 3 , 4.

8 > (stretched stems) 2 (double stem) 5 (five-line stem) . ( ) double stem: 1* ( ~ ), 1. ( ~ ) ( ) five-line stem: 1* (.0, .1), 1t (.2, .3), 1f (.4, .5), 1s (.6, .7), 1. (.8, .9) Exploratory Data Analysis | Spring, 2012 | chapter 2. Univariate Analysis | 15 Professor Kwon, Sehyug | Dept. of Statistics, HANNAM Univ. > Sturges formula ]log1[2nL ( ) n=30 L=5 > Velleman formula ]2[nL ( ) n=30 L=10 > Dixon-Kronmal formula ]log10[10nL ( ) n=30 L=14 (L) . [x] x.

9 [ ]=2 / [ ]=3 R - nclass . - freq ( ) y- - lines() ( : inch) . 1) . ( ) 2).