2-PROPANOL CAS N°: 67-63-0 - IPCS INCHEM

1 OECD SIDS2-PROPANOLUNEP PUBLICATIONSFOREWORDINTRODUCTION2-PROPAN OLCAS N : 67-63-0 OECD SIDS2-PROPANOLUNEP Publications36 sids INITIAL ASSESSMENT PROFILECAS NAMEI sopropanolSTRUCTURAL FORMULACH3 - CH - CH3 OHRECOMMENDATION OF THE SPONSOR COUNTRY[X]currently of low priority for further work[ ] currently of low priority for further work, but avoid exposure to man and the environment[ ] requiring further information to assess identified concerns[ ] candidate for in-depth risk assessment with a view to possible risk reduction activitiesSHORT SUMMARY OF THE REASONS WHICH SUPPORT THERECOMMENDATIONI sopropanol is a high production volume chemical which is used as an industrial solvent, acomponent of industrial and consumer products and as a disinfectant.

2 There is considerablepotential for both occupational and consumer are estimates of significant fugitive emissions. Biodegradation in aquatic and terrestrialhabitats, an physical degradation in the troposphere occur rapidly, indicating that isopropanol willnot persist in the mammalian/human toxicological properties of isopropanol have been well characterized inmultiple animal species and humans for a variety of exposure routes, exposure durations andtoxicity endpoints.

3 High quality studies have been conducted that evaluate acute toxicity, skin andeye irritation, skin sensitization, subchronic and chronic toxicity, reproductive toxicity,developmental and developmental neurotoxicity, acute and subchronic neurotoxicity, genotoxicityand cancer. In addition, studies are available that characterize the disposition of isopropanol information obtained from this database allows for the characterization of toxicity hazard ofisopropanol for both human/mammalian and environmental effects.

4 Taken together, theseconsiderations support the conclusion that isopropanol is a low priority for further SIDS2-PROPANOLUNEP Publications37 FULL sids SUMMARYCAS NO: pointBoiling pointDensityVapor pressurePartition coefficient(Log Pow)Water solubilitypHpKaFlash PointAuto FlammabilityFlammabilityExplosive propertiesOxidizing propertiesAdsorption coefficient(Log Koc)Henry s Law constantASTM D97 ASTM D1078 ASTM D4052not knownnot knownnot knownIP 170 ASTM D215584/449/EEC, C82 - 83 C (at 1012 hPa) - g/cm343 hPa at 20 at 25 C100 vol% at 20 C (miscible)at C12 C (closed cup)

5 425 CHighly flammableExplosiveNo oxidizing x 10-6atm m3 Pa m3/moleENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND (OH radical attack)Stability in waterMonitoring dataTransport andDistributionVariousCalculated(Fugacit yLevel1 type)not subject to photolysisin air T1/2 = 18 to 25 hoursnot subject to hydrolysisIn air = mg/ m3In surface water = ug/lIn soil/sediment = ug/gIn biota = ug/gIn air %In water sediment %In soil %OECD SIDS2-PROPANOLUNEP (Mackay)(localexposure)APHA-219In biota %49 % after 5 days at 20 to FishAcute Toxicity toAquatic InvertebratesToxicity to AquaticPlants AlgaeToxicity toMicroorga nisms Toxicity toAquatic Invertebrates(Daphnia)Toxicity to Soil Dwelling OrganismsToxicity to TerrestrialPlantsToxicity to Other Non -MammalianTerrestrialSpecies (including Birds)BioconcentrationfactorPimephalespr omelasDaphniaMagnaCrangonCrangonScenedes musQuadricuadaPseudomonasputidaEntosipho nSulcatumMicrocystisAeruginosaChilomonas paramecium(Protozoa)

6 LactucaSativaDrosophilaVeith et al, 1983 Bringmann &Kuehn, 1977 Bringmann &Kuehn, 1980 Reynolds, 1977 David &Bocquet, 1976calculatedLC50 (96 hr) = 9640 mg/lEC50 (24 hr) > 10,000 mg/lLC50 (48 hr) = 1400 mg/LToxicity Threshold = 1800 mg/lToxicity Threshold = 1050 mg/LToxicity Threshold = 4930 mg/LToxicity Threshold = 1000 mg/LToxicity Threshold = 104 mg/LNOEC ( 16 day) = 141 mg/L (Growth)NOEC (21 day) = 30 mg/LLC50 ( d) = mg/kgNOEL ( d) = mg/lEC50 ( 3 d) = 2100 mg/l (inhibition of seed germination)LC50 ( 48 hr) = 10200 - 13340 Oral Toxicity RatMouseRabbitsee DossierGuseinov,1985LD50 range = 4710 - 5840 mg/kgLD50 = 4475 mg/kgLD50 = 5030 mg/kgOECD SIDS2-PROPANOLUNEP InhalationToxicityAcute Dermal ToxicitySkin IrritationEye IrritationSensitizationRepeated Dose ToxicityGenetic Toxicity in VitroBacterial TestNon-Bacterial TestGenetic Toxicity in vivoCarcinogenicityToxicity to ReproductionDogRatRatMouseRabbitRabbitRa bbitGuinea PigRat andMouse, , OralSalmonellatyphimuriumCHO(HGPRT)V79 (SCE)

7 SA7/SHEN eurosporaCrassaMouse(Micronucleus)Rat andMouse, , 2 -genOralRatLehman, 1944 Lehman, 1944 Guseinov,1985 Laham, 1979 Guseinov,1985 Smyth, 1948 Nixon, 1975 Draize TestP&G TSCAP ilegaard &Ladefogel,1993see DossierEPA TSCAsee Dossiersee Dossiersee DossierEPA TSCAEPAEPA TSCALD50 = 4830 mg/kgLC50 ( 4 hr) = mg/lLC50 ( 8 hr) = 51 mg/lLC50 ( 2 hr) = 53 mg/lLD50 = 12,870 mg/kgNot IrritatingIrritatingNot SensitizingNOEL = 500 ppm (13 weeks)LOEL = 1500 ppmNOEL=1% (870 mg/kg/day) (12weeks)LOEL = 2% (1280 mg/kg/day)negative (with and without metabolic activation)negative (with and without metabolic activation)negative (with and without metabolic activation)negative (without metabolic activation)negative (without metabolic activation)negativenegativeNOEL Parental = <500 mg/kg/day (BMDL10 =407 mg/kg/day) (Reproductive Effects)NOEL F1 Offspring = <500 mg/kg/day (BMDL5 = 449 mg/kg/day)

8 NOEL F2 Offspring = <500 OECD SIDS2-PROPANOLUNEP with HumanExposureRabbitEPA TSCAEPA TSCAmg/kg/day (BMDL5 = 418 mg/kg/day)NOEL = 400 mg/kg/day (Maternal)NOEL=400mg/kg/day(Developmenta l)NOEL = 1200 mg/kg/day (Developmental neurotoxicity)NOEL = 240 mg/kg/day (Maternal)NOEL=480mg/kg/day(Developmenta l)Accidental Exposure InformationVoluntary Study InformationEpidemiology InformationOECD SIDS2-PROPANOLUNEP Publications41 Table of Contents Short Summary Full sids Summary Exposure Assessment Production Major Uses Manufacturing Process Distribution Fugitive Emissions Workplace Monitoring Summary of Environmental Effects Environmental Fate Toxicity to Aquatic Organisms Toxicity to Plants Summary of Health Effects Acute Toxicity and Primary Irritancy Effects Resulting

9 From Repeated Exposure Effects on Reproductive Capabilities Effects on Developmental Toxicity Genotoxic Effects Carcinogenicity Conclusions ReferencesOECD SIDS2-PROPANOLUNEP Production VolumesWorldwide production of isopropanol in 1995 was reported to be million metric tons, with the largest producing regions being North America (771 thousand tons), Western Europe (619 thousandtons), and Asia (280 thousand tons). (World Petrochemicals, SRI International, 1996).

10 USproduction was billion pounds in 1994. (Chem Eng. News, June, 1995). Major UsesMost isopropanol goes into the solvent market either directly or via conversion to acetone or one of acetone s derivatives - - methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl isobutyl carbinol, diacetone alcohol, orisophorone. Isopropanol s major solvent uses include inks, coatings, cosmetics andpharmaceuticals. Small percentages are used for esters and as rubbing alcohol.