IDENTIFICATION OF 16mm FILM - Brian R Pritchard

1 IDENTIFICATION OF 16mm FILMIDENTIFICATION OF 16mm FILMIs the FilmBlack and White?YESNOSTARTSTART1 Brian Pritchard to Page 4Go to Page 4Go to Page 6Go to Page 6 Explanation of SymbolsExplanation of SymbolsVersion PictureGo to Page 31Go to Page 31 For additional IDENTIFICATION go to Page 23 For additional IDENTIFICATION go to Page 23 Decision BoxAdditional Informationabout the illustrationsAdvice forfurther IdentificationHyperlink toreturn to startHyperlink toreturn to startHyperlinkHyperlinkFilm Type IdentifiedLegend Brian Pritchard to StartReturn to StartDefinition2 Brian Pritchard to StartReturn to StartAgfa-GevaertTechnicolorAgfaKodachro meDu PontSeloIlfordOrwoEastmanGevaertKodak Ektachrome EFBF erraniaKodak Kodak Ektachrome CommercialEnsignIs the imageNegative?YESNODoes it have clear edges YESNOB lack and WhitePositiveBlack and WhiteNegativeCheck for otheroptions of negative Brian Pritchard for otheroptions of positiveReturn to StartReturn to StartGo to Page 14Go to Page 14Go to Page 8Go to Page 84Go to Page 13Go to Page 13 Does the filmhave blackEdges?

2 YESNOC olour NegativeCould be camera negative,duplicate negativeor internegativeCRIC olour ReversalIntermediate Brian Pritchard to StartReturn to Start5A camera negative will have joins at scene changes (cut negative) or willnot have joins at every scene andthere will not be printed in joins; youwill often see flash frames or camerastopsDefinitionIn this aid an internegative is a colournegative made from a colour print or acolour reversal duplicate negative is made froma colour interpositiveFor furtheridentificationof colournegative filmsGo to Page 32Go to Page 32 Does thefilm havean overallorange colour?YESNODoes it have black edges? YESNOC olour Reversal Brian Pritchard to StartReturn to StartFor furtheridentificationof colourreversal filmsGo to Page 7Go to Page 7Go to Page 26Go to Page 26To identify sound tracks go to Page 15To identify sound tracks go to Page 15Go to Page 27Go to Page 27 Brian Pritchard to StartReturn to StartDoes the filmhave asoundtrack?

3 7 NOYESFilm is a combinedcolourreversal printColourreversal master orSilent printIs there more than1 roll for each reel?NOYESA & B roll MastersGo to Page 28Go to Page 28To identify soundtracks go to Page 15To identify soundtracks go to Page 15Go to Page 29Go to Page 29Go to Page 35Go to Page 35 Does the filmhave blackEdges?YESNO8 Brian Pritchard to StartReturn to StartB/W ReversalCheck the base of the film and see if thereare moulded lines, if so then this isKodacolor Lenticular film . It shouldhave the edge print 'Kodacolor'Arethe edgescoloured?YEST inted B/W orBlue Base TVPositive To identify sound tracks go to Page 15To identify sound tracks go to Page 15 Brian Pritchard to StartReturn to StartSome print stocks might not have edgeprint; check winding of film , printsusually are A windingTo check windings go to Page 12To check windings go to Page 12 Brian Pritchard identify soundtracks go to Page 15To identify soundtracks go to Page 1510 Brian Pritchard perforated can beA or B winding16mm can be singleor double perforatedCheck for other perforation formatsCheck for other perforation formatsInformation on windingsInformation on windingsPerforations can be long or short material is usually short pitch ( inches), print stock usuallylong pitch ( inches)Return to StartReturn to Start11 Films are HEAD out16mm Single Perforated Films The image will readcorrectly throughthe baseThe image will readcorrectly throughthe emulsionA WindingB WindingIs the film perforated on both sides?

4 Is the film perforated on both sides? Brian Pritchard to StartReturn to StartDoes the imageread correctlythrough the base?YESNOC amera GeometryPrint GeometryFilm shot in a camera will always read throughthe base, contact prints from a camera originalwill read through the emulsion. Reductionsfrom 35mm could be either12 Brian Pritchard to StartReturn to StartDoes the imagehave a linestructure?YESNOTele-recording Negative13 Brian Pritchard to StartReturn to StartFlash frames fromuncut original negativeDefinitionIn this aid an internegative is a negative made from a print or areversal duplicate negative is made froma duplicating positiveA camera negative will have joins at scene changes (cut negative) or if it isan uncut negative will not have joinsat every scene and there will not beprinted in joins; you will oftensee flash frames or camera be camera negative,duplicate negativeor internegativeGo to Page 25Go to Page 25Go to Page 24Go to Page 24 Brian Pritchard PositiveBlack and White PositiveReturn to StartReturn to StartA duplicating positive will be of lowercontrast than a B/W Positive, it willoften be warmer tone, denser and willhave edge numbers in black.

5 If it isKodak/Eastman stock the edge numberswill begin 'D'To identify sound tracks go to Page 15To identify sound tracks go to Page 15 Brian Pritchard tracks can be magnetic or optical. Optical can be furtherdivided into variable area or variable are many different types of both kinds of optical the track magnetic?YESNOM agnetic tracksare usually brownReturn to StartReturn to StartGo to Page 16Go to Page 16Go to Page 20Go to Page 20 Brian Pritchard the filmhave an imageYESNONote balance stripe,it assists a good windStriped B/W Negative,Used in sound cameraStriped positive Fully coated Magnetic film ,Single and doubleperforatedReturn to StartReturn to StartIt is also possible thatyou have a pieceof unprocessed film ,perhaps used as drop of water will showif it is film rather thanmagnetic film .

6 The waterwill have no effect onmagnetic filmFor further information on stripes go to Page 30 For further information on stripes go to Page 30 Brian Pritchard to StartReturn to StartDouble 8mm perforations were most commonlyin the 1:4 format; that is on each edge. So that pre-striped film could be sound recorded in one passand additionally, to reduction print two copies in one run, stockswere available inthe 1:3 format where the perforations wereon one edge andin the centre of the film . See sample below. 1 2 3 4 Perforation inthe '3' position Brian Pritchard re-perforated , raw stock16mm with centre perforationsDouble Standard 8mm Colour NegativeDouble Super 8mm B/W PrintReturn to StartReturn to StartCheck for other double 8mm perforation formats: Go to page 17 Check for other double 8mm perforation formats: Go to page 17 Brian Pritchard to StartReturn to StartIs the soundtrack and the edge printingBlack and White?

7 YEST echnicolorNOEastman Color, AgfacolorGevacolor, Fujicolor, Ferrania,3M usually have a deep blueSound track. Most film stocks will have amanufacturer's name on theedge of the filmCheck edge printCheck edge printOrwo and Sovcolorusually have a brownsound to StartReturn to Start20Is the track variablearea?NOVariable densityYESV ariable areaGo to Page 21Go to Page 21 Variable area consistsof one or more linesof varying widthVariable density lookslike a series of lines Brian Pritchard is a twin bilateral sound trackWith centre septum noiseReduction, the black line in theMiddle of the to Page 33Go to Page 33To compare negativeand positive variable area multihump16mm variable area twin unilateral16mm variable area double twin bilateral16mm variable area twin bilateral16mm Photophone16mm variable area single bilateralCan some times beconfused with avariable density trackReturn to StartReturn to Start Brian Pritchard Brian Pritchard to StartReturn to StartColour PositiveGo to Page 19Go to Page 1923 Brian Pritchard to StartReturn to StartCheck edge printCheck edge printCheck perforationsCheck perforationsCheck the film geometryCheck the film geometryIdentify SoundtracksIdentify SoundtracksDate Coding on all film manufacturers provide date codes on their provide the most comprehensive information intheir edge print.

8 Over the years the style of date code haschanged. There are a number of web sites that provideInformation on their date date their film with the last two numbers of the year ofManufacture and two letters signifying the quarter of the yearJM = January to March, AJ = April to had their own system until they were taken over byEastman whence they used the Eastman codes. Their datesCover 1921 1927 and start at 16 and 17 for 1921, 18 and 19 For 1922 and so used one or two letters but information is only knownfor the years between 1956 and use a letter for the month, A= January, B =February andso on. I was missed out. The last number of the year was used. 6 could be 1966 or 76 and so to StartReturn to StartA typical scene change ina tele-recording; note themixed frame and traces ofLines.

9 Also the edges tothe frameYou should be able to see theline structure under a magnifier Brian Pritchard to StartReturn to StartLook for information in the edge print; edgeor footage numbers are black in the originalnegative, they will be white when printedthrough to the duplicate postitve and when theduplicate negative is made there will (or should)be two sets of black numbers and one of original numbers will be black, the duplicatepositive white and the duplicate negative will also apply to the stock manufacturersedge camera negative will have joins at scene changes (cut negative) or if it isan uncut negative will not have joinsat every scene and there will not beprinted in joins; you will oftensee flash frames or camera join (splice)Flash frame in negativeA join or splice is very obvious to the sight and feel Brian Pritchard to StartReturn to StartColour NegativeGo to Page 5Go to Page 5Is it a negative?

10 YESNOC olour Interpositive Brian Pritchard to StartReturn to Start Brian Pritchard the picturea negative?YESNOGo to Page 22Go to Page 22 Unmasked NegativePrior to the introductionof Eastman colour negativecolour negatives did nothave the orange mask. BothAgfa and Gevaert madeUnmasked negatives28 Return to StartReturn to StartThere could be two or more rollswith alternate scenes joined toblack spacingOutgoing scene joinedto black spacingBlack spacing joinedto incoming sceneColour ReversalA & B RollsColour NegativeA & B Rolls Brian Pritchard to StartReturn to Start Brian Pritchard reversalMute print orcamera masterThere are a number of colour reversal print systems, Fujichrome,Anscochrome, Gevachrome and Agfachrome for example. Checkfor edge printing; most film stocks will have a manufacturer's nameon the edge of the the winding of the film , camera film will be B winding, printsusually A windingAgfachromeKodachromeCan you seea reseau?