Radiation Detection and Measurement - GBV

1 Radiation Detection and Measurement Fourth Edition Glenn F. Knoll Professor Emeritus of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan WILEY John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Contents Chapter 1 Radiation Sources I. Units and Definitions 2 II. Fast Electron Sources 3 III.

2 Heavy Charged Particle Sources 6 IV. Sources of Electromagnetic Radiation 10 V. Neutron Sources 19 Chapter 2 Radiation Interactions 29 I.

3 Interaction of Heavy Charged Particles 30 II. Interaction of Fast Electrons 42 III. Interaction of Gamma Rays 47 IV. Interaction of Neutrons 53 V.

4 Radiation Exposure and Dose 56 Chapter 3 Counting Statistics and Error Prediction 65 I. Characterization of Data 66 II. Statistical Models 70 III.

5 Applications of Statistical Models 79 IV. Error Propagation 85 V. Optimization of Counting Experiments 92 VI. Limits of Detectability 94 VII.

6 Distribution of Time Intervals 99 Chapter 4 General Properties of Radiation Detectors 105 I. Simplified Detector Model 105 II. Modes of Detector Operation 106 III.

7 Pulse Height Spectra 112 IV. Counting Curves and Plateaus 113 V. Energy Resolution 115 VI.

8 Detection Efficiency 118 VII. Dead Time 121 Chapter 5 Ionization Chambers 131 I.

9 The Ionization Process in Gases 131 II. Charge Migration and Collection 135 HI. Design and Operation of DC Ion Chambers 138 IV. Radiation Dose Measurement with Ion Chambers 142 V.

10 Applications of DC Ion Chambers 146 VI. Pulse Mode Operation 149 \Tii xxii Contents Chapter 6 Proportional Counters 159 I.