Study Guide for Content Mastery - Teacher Edition

1 Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of the McGraw-Hill Companies, : Matter and ChangeStudy Guide for Content Mastery Answer KeyNameDateClass98 Chemistry: Matter and Change Chapter 17 Study Guide for Content MasteryFor each item in Column A, write the letter of the matching item in Column AColumn the average rate of loss of a reaction as quantity/ the average rate of formation of a numberUse the figure below to answer the following molecules collided in collisions A, B, and C? do the arrows represent?The arrows represent the direction and the amount of energy of the moving collision(s) formed products? What were the products? why the other collision(s) did not form A did not form products because the carbon atom in the CO moleculedid not contact an oxygen atom in the NO2molecule.

2 Collision C did not form products because the CO molecule and the NO2molecule did not collide with sufficient collision(s) formed an activated complex? Identify the activated B; the activated complex is an OCONO B; CO2and NOCO and NO2 Incorrect orientationReboundCorrect orientationCollisionCollisionActivated complexProductsCorrect orientationInsufficient energyReboundCollision ABCbacSection continuedSTUDY Guide FOR Content MASTERYCHAPTER17 NameDateClassStudy Guide for Content MasteryChemistry: Matter and Change Chapter 1797 Reaction RatesReaction RatesSection Model for Reaction RatesIn your textbook, read about expressing reaction rates and explaining reactions andtheir each of the terms below just once to complete the to the (1), atoms, ions, and molecules must collide inorder to react.

3 Once formed, the (2)is a temporary, unstablearrangement of atoms that may then form products or may break apart to reform the physical arrangement is known as the (3). Every chemicalreaction requires energy, and the minimum amount of energy that reacting particles must haveto form the activated complex is the (4). In a chemical reaction, the(5)is the change in concentration of a reactant or product per unittime. It may be expressed using the units of (6).Use the energy diagram for the rearrangement reaction of methyl isonitrile to acetoni-trile to answer the following kind of reaction is represented by this diagram,endothermic or exothermic? exothermic is the chemical structure identified at the top ofthe curve on the diagram?the activated does the symbol Earepresent?

4 The activation does the symbol Erepresent?the net energy released from the exothermic reactionmol/L sreaction rateactivation energytransition stateactivated complexcollision theorySTUDY Guide FOR Content MASTERYCHAPTER17collision theoryactivated complextransition stateactivation energyreaction ratemol/(L s)Reaction ProgressH3C N CH3C C NaEnergy Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of the McGraw-Hill Companies, Guide for Content Mastery Answer KeyChemistry: Matter and ChangeT207 NameDateClass100 Chemistry: Matter and Change Chapter 17 Study Guide for Content MasterySection Rate LawsIn your textbook, read about reaction rate laws and determining reaction each of the terms below to complete the 1aA + bB 0cC + dDEquation 2 k[A]m[B] 1 describes a.

5 2 expresses the mathematical relationship between the rate of a chemical reaction and the concentrations of the reactants. This is known as variable kin equation 2 is the , a numerical value thatrelates the reaction rate and the concentration at a given variables mand nare the . These define how the rate isaffected by the concentrations of the square brackets [ ] represent . variable trepresents .Answer the questions about the following rate k[A]1[B] is the reaction order with respect to A? is the reaction order with respect to B? is the overall reaction order for the rate law? the concentration of A will cause the rate to double. What would happen if youdoubled the concentration of B?

6 The rate would quadruple. The square of 2 is reaction rate can be expressed as Rate k[A]2. What is the reaction order for this reaction?This is a second-order sum of 1 and 2, or third orderthe exponent to B, second orderthe exponent to A, first ordertimeconcentrationreaction ordersspecific rate contentrate lawchemical reaction [A] tchemical reactionrate lawspecific rate constantreaction ordersconcentrationtimeSTUDY Guide FOR Content MASTERYCHAPTER17 NameDateClassStudy Guide for Content MasteryChemistry: Matter and Change Chapter 1799 Section Affecting Reaction RatesIn your textbook, read about the factors that affect reaction rates (reactivity, concentra-tion, surface, area, temperature, and catalysts).In the space at the left, write trueif the statement is true.

7 If the statement is false,change the italicized word to make it concentration of reactants increases the collisionfrequency between reacting heterogeneouscatalyst exists in a different physical state thanthe reaction it the concentrationof a substance increases the kineticenergy of the particles that make up the increase the rates of chemical reactions by raisingtheactivation energy of the surface area of a reactant increases the rate of the temperature of a reaction increases the rate of thereaction by increasing the energyof the collisions betweenreacting the following chemist heated a sample of steel wool in a burner flame exposed to oxygen in the also heated a sample of steel wool in a container of nearly 100% oxygen. The steel-wool sample in the container reacted faster than the other sample.

8 Explain was a greater concentration of oxygen in the container. Increasing the concentration of a reactant increases the rate of a the chemist have observed the same results if he used a block of steel instead ofsteel wool? Explain your ; a block of steel would react more slowly because it has less surface would the reaction have differed if the steel wool was not heated?Not heating the steel wool would decrease the rate of the Guide FOR Content MASTERYCHAPTER17 Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of the McGraw-Hill Companies, : Matter and ChangeStudy Guide for Content Mastery Answer KeyNameDateClass102 Chemistry: Matter and Change Chapter 17 Study Guide for Content MasteryIn the space at the left, write trueif the statement is true.

9 If the statement is false,change the italicized word or phrase to make it determine the instantaneous rate, you must know the specificrate constant, the concentrations of the reactants, and the reactionorders for the reaction rate that is defined as k[A][B] and that has a specificrate constant of 101L/(mol s), [A] , and [B] have an instantaneous rate of mol/(L s).In your textbook, read about reaction the following questions about the proposed reaction mechanism for the complexreaction (g) + 2H2(g) 0N2(g) + 2H2O(g)Proposed Mechanism2NO 0N2O2(fast)N2O2+ H20N2O + H2O(slow)N2O + H20N2+ H2O(fast) many elementary steps make up the complex reaction? is the rate-determining step for this reaction?The slow step is the rate-determining are N2O2and N2O in the reaction?

10 There a catalyst involved in the reaction? Explain your is no catalyst because no molecule reacted in one step and then was reformed in a subsequent can you conclude about the activation energy for the rate-determining step?Of all the steps, the rate-determining step has the highest activation you wanted to increase the rate of the overall reaction, what would you do?Speed up the rate-determining mol/(L s)trueSTUDY Guide FOR Content MASTERYCHAPTER17 Section continuedNameDateClassStudy Guide for Content MasteryChemistry: Matter and Change Chapter 17101 Section Reaction Rates and ReactionMechanismsIn your textbook, read about instantaneous reaction the letter of the choice that best completes the determined by finding the slope of the straight line tangent to the curve of aplot of the change in concentration of a reactant versus time.