A Description of the Nonhydrostatic Regional …

1 Consortium for Small-Scale ModellingA Description of theNonhydrostatic Regional cosmo -ModelPart VII :User s GuideU. Sch attler, G. Doms, and C. SchraffCOSMO at Deutscher Wetterdienst, Box 100465, 63004 Offenbach, GermanyContentsiContents1 Overview on the Model General Remarks .. Basic Model Design and Features .. Organization of the Documentation ..62 Introduction83 Model Formulation and Data Basic State and Coordinate-System .. Differential Form of Thermodynamic Equations .. Horizontal and Vertical Grid Structure .. Numerical Integration .. : 2-timelevel HE-VI Integration .. : 3-timelevel HE-VI Integration.

2 : 3-timelevel Semi-Implicit Integration .. Physical Parameterizations .. Precipitation .. Convection .. Turbulent Diffusion .. of Surface Fluxes .. subgrid-scale orography scheme .. Processes .. Data Assimilation ..27 Part VII User s Guide Installation of the External Libraries for the cosmo -Model .. : .. : .. : .. , : .. : .. Working with the VCS .. Preparing the Code .. Compiling and Linking .. Running the Code ..345 Data Formats for The GRIB Binary Data Format .. Form .. and End Section .. Definition Section .. Description Section .. Section .. Data Section.

3 The NetCDF Data Format .. Conventions .. Input .. Header Section .. Post-Processing Utilities ..466 Input Files for the File for Namelist Input .. Conventions for File Names .. Initial and Boundary Data .. Observation Input Files ..53 Part VII User s Guide for observation types for which Table-Driven Code Forms(TDCF) defined by WMO exist .. types with templates proposed or approved by WMO .. types without templates proposed by WMO .. blacklist file ..737 Namelist Input for Specifying the Domain and the Model Grid .. Parameters for the Model Run .. Parameters for the Adiabatic Model.

4 Parameters for the Diabatic Model .. Parameters for tuning dynamics and physics .. Parameters for Diagnostic Output .. Controlling the Synthetic Satellite Images .. Parameters for the Model Initialization .. Controlling the Data Assimilation .. Controlling the Ensemble Prediction Mode .. Controlling the Grib I/O .. Specification of Database Job .. Controlling the Grib Input .. Controlling the Grib Output .. 1448 Model ASCII Output for the Forecast Model .. Grid point output .. NAMELIST-parameters .. Checking the Grib input/output data .. Protocolling the forecast with mass variables.

5 Protocolling the forecast with humidity variables .. ASCII Output Related to the Use of Observations .. Nudging: Observation Input AOF .. Nudging: Active and Passive Reports .. 158 Part VII User s Guide Nudging: Rejected Reports .. Nudging: Data Rejected by Quality Control .. Nudging: Warning Messages on Insufficient Array Sizes .. Nudging: Statistics on Observation Processing .. Nudging: Verification File VOF .. Nudging: Other Aspects .. Output Basic Monitoring of Nudging .. 2-D Surface Analyses .. NetCDF Feedobs File .. Output of Forecast Fields .. 189 References193 Part VII User s Guide 1 Overview on the Model General RemarksTheCOSMO-Modelis a Nonhydrostatic limited-area atmospheric prediction model.

6 It hasbeen designed for both operational numerical weather prediction (NWP) and various scien-tific applications on the meso- and meso- scale. The cosmo -Model is based on the prim-itive thermo-hydrodynamical equations describing compressible flow in a moist model equations are formulated in rotated geographical coordinates and a generalizedterrain following height coordinate. A variety of physical processes are taken into account byparameterization the forecast model itself, a number of additional components such as data assimi-lation, interpolation of boundary conditions from a driving host model, and postprocessingutilities are required to run the model in NWP-mode, climate mode or for case studies.

7 Thepurpose of theDescription of the Nonhydrostatic Regional cosmo -Modelis to provide acomprehensive documentation of all components of the system and to inform the user aboutcode access and how to install, compile, configure and run the basic version of the cosmo -Model (formerly known asLokal Modell (LM)) has beendeveloped at theDeutscher Wetterdienst(DWD). The cosmo -Model and the triangularmesh global gridpoint model GME form together with the corresponding data assimila-tion schemes the NWP-system at DWD, which is run operationally since end of subsequent developments related to the model have been organized within cosmo ,theConsortium for Small-Scale Modelling.

8 cosmo aims at the improvement, maintenanceand operational application of a non-hydrostatic limited-area modelling system, which isnow consequently called the cosmo -Model. The meteorological services participating toCOSMO at present are listed in Table more information about cosmo , we refer to the web-site cosmo -Model is available free of charge for scientific and educational purposes, es-pecially for cooperational projects with cosmo members. However, all users are requiredto sign an agreement with a cosmo national meteorological service and to respect cer-tain conditions and restrictions on code usage.

9 For questions concerning the request and theagreement, please contact the chairman of the cosmo Steering Committee. In the case ofa planned operational or commercial use of the cosmo -Model package, special regulationsPart VII User s Guide 1: Overview on the Model General Remarks2 Table : cosmo : Participating Meteorological ServicesDWDD eutscher Wetterdienst,Offenbach, GermanyMeteoSwissMeteo-Schweiz,Zurich, SwitzerlandUSAMU fficio Generale Spazio Aero e Meteorologia,Rome, ItalyHNMSH ellenic National Meteorological Service,Athens, GreeceIMGWI nstitute of Meteorology and Water Management,Warsaw, PolandNMAN ational Meteorological Administration,Bucharest, RomaniaRosHydroMetHydrometeorological Centre of Russia,Moscow, RussiaARPA-SIMCA genzia Regionale per la Protezione Ambientale dell Emilia-Romagna, Servizio Idro Meteo Clima,Bologna, ItalyARPA-PiemonteAgenzia Regionale per la Protezione Ambientale,Piemonte, Turin.

10 ItalyCIRAC entro Italiano Ricerche Aerospaziali,Capua, ItalyAGeoBWAmt f ur Geoinformationswesen der Bundeswehr,Euskirchen, Germanywill further development of the modelling system within cosmo is organized in WorkingGroups which cover the main research and development activities: data assimilation, nu-merical aspects, upper air physical aspects, soil and surface physics aspects, interpretationand applications, verification and case studies, reference version and implementation andpredictability and ensemble methods. In 2005, the cosmo Steering Committee decided todefinePriority Projectswith the goal to focus the scientific activities of the cosmo com-munity on some few key issues and support the permanent improvement of the model.