Standard Test Method for Evaporation Loss of …

1 Designation: D 5800 08An American National StandardStandard Test Method forEvaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by the Noack Method1 This Standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5800; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon ( ) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or Scope* This test Method covers three procedures for determin-ing the Evaporation loss of lubricating oils (particularly engineoils). Procedure A uses the Noack evaporative tester equip-ment; Procedure B uses the automated non-Woods metalNoack evaporative apparatus; and Procedure C uses Selby-Noack volatility test equipment. The test Method relates to oneset of operating conditions but may be readily adapted to otherconditions when Noack results determined using Procedures A and Bshow consistent differences.

2 Procedure A gives slightly lowerresults versus Procedure B on formulated engine oils, whileProcedure A gives higher results versus Procedure B The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in Standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this Standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to Referenced standards :2D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD 4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD 6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assuranceand Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate AnalyticalMeasurement System PerformanceD 6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and BiasData for Use in Test methods for Petroleum Products standards :3 DIN 1725 Specification for Aluminum AlloysDIN 12785 Specifications for Glass Thermometers3.

3 Of Terms Specific to This loss of a lubricating oil by the Noackmethod, that mass of volatile oil vapors lost when the oil isheated in a test crucible through which a constant flow of air ,n the tendency of a liquid to form a Summary of Test A measured quantity of sample is placed in an evapo-ration crucible or reaction flask that is then heated to 250 Cwith a constant flow of air drawn through it for 60 min. Theloss in mass of the oil is Interlaboratory tests have shown that Procedure A,Procedure B, and Procedure C yield essentially equivalentresults, with a correlation coefficient ofR2= See theresearch report for the Selby-Noack interlaboratory Significance and The Evaporation loss is of particular importance inengine lubrication. Where high temperatures occur, portions ofan oil can Evaporation may contribute to oil consumption in anengine and can lead to a change in the properties of an Many engine manufacturers specify a maximum allow-able Evaporation Some engine manufacturers, when specifying a maxi-mum allowable Evaporation loss, quote this test Method alongwith the Procedure C, using the Selby-Noack apparatus, alsopermits collection of the volatile oil vapors for determination1 This test Method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of on Analysis of edition approved May 1, 2008.

4 Published May 2008. Originallyapproved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D 5800 referenced ASTM standards , visit the ASTM website, , orcontact ASTM Customer Service at ForAnnual Book of ASTMS tandardsvolume information, refer to the Standard s Document Summary page onthe ASTM from Deutsches Institut f r Normunge, Beuth Verlag GmbH, Burg-grafen Strasse 6, 1000 Berlin 30, *A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United their physical and chemical properties. Elemental analysis ofthe collected volatiles may be helpful in identifying compo-nents such as phosphorous, which has been linked to prematuredegradation of the emission system A6. Evaporative Tester, comprising the Heated Block Unit, made from a mal-leable aluminum alloy (seeDIN 1725, Sheet 1), insulated at thejacket and base against loss of heat.

5 (Warning This block isheated to 250 C.) The block is heated electrically by a base andjacket heater, having a total power consumption of 1 to this respect the difference between both individual powerconsumption should not exceed kW. In the center of theheating block, there is a circular recess to insert the evaporatingcrucible, the space between block and crucible being filled withWoods alloy or a suitable equivalent. Two catches on the blockprevent the crucible from rising in the liquid metal bath. Twoadditional circular recesses at equal intervals from the center ofthe block are provided for the thermometers (seeFig. 1). Crucible, with screw cover. The crucibleis made of stainless steel (seeFig. 2). Above the support ringis the thread for the cover. The nickel-plated brass cover ishermetically sealed to the crucible by an internal conicalsealing surface (seeFig.)

6 3). Three nozzles of hardened steelpermit the air stream to pass through the cover. The extractiontube, which slopes downward, leads from a threaded and sealedconnection in the center of the , capable of weighing at least 200 g to thenearest Clamp and , 2-mm Bearing, , M260 (seeDIN 12785) or temperaturesensing device capable of reading temperature to C. Thethermometer should be calibrated with appropriate procedureat appropriate frequency (generally every six months). Type Control Thermometer(for manual). Y-piece, an internal diameter of 4 mm. The uprightarms, each 45-mm long, should form an angle such that the armconnected to the crucible extraction tube and the Y-piece forma straight line. The vertical arm is 60-mm long and beveled at45 . Delivery Tubes, an internal diameter of 4 mm,each arm length 100 mm, beveled at 45 at ends entering andleaving the Bent at an angle of approximately 80.

7 Bent at an angle of approximately 100 , length to 20mm of bottle Bent at an angle of approximately 90 . Glass Bottles, approximately 2-L capacity, fittedwith rubber bungs bored to receive inlet and outlet tubes (seeFig. 4). , inclined form, water-filled, precision H2O or suitable pressure sensor capable of measuring mm of H2O (a 0 to 50-mm H2O pressure transducer hasbeen found to be satisfactory).NOTE1 Some manometers use water as the reference fluid, othersmay use a lower density fluid correlated to read in millimetres of should ensure that the manometer is filled with the correct densityreference T-Piece, with bleed valve , with accuracy of Rubber Tubing, cut to size, with an internaldiameter of 4 40-mm long; three pieces required, 300-mm long, 100-mm The use of automated equipment is permissible as long as itgives equivalent results specified in this test Method .

8 All hardwaredimensions, make-up of the block, crucible, heat capacity, and so forth,and glassware must conform to the specifications given in this Reagents and Solvent A mixture of naphtha and toluene isrecommended for the cleaning of the crucible. (Warning Flammable, vapor harmful.) Overnight soaking may be Oils having a known evaporative loss, the value ofwhich is provided by the oil supplier. Some examples of suchoils include RL-N, RL 172, and RL 223, supplied by oils supplied by other vendors may also be Brush, such as a tinnerps acid brush (15 to 25-mmwidth). Metal4or Suitable Heat Transfer Material (Warning Woods metal contains lead (25 %), bismuth(50 %), antimony ( %), and cadmium ( %); these havebeen found to be health hazardous. Avoid contact with skin atall times.)8. Hazards It is assumed that anyone using thistest Method will either be fully trained and familiar with allnormal laboratory practices, or will be under the direct super-vision of such a person.

9 It is the responsibility of the operatorto ensure that all local legislative and statutory requirementsare (Warning Though the test Method calls for a draft- free area, the exhaust fumes from the evaporating oil must beventilated to an outside source. Precaution shall be taken toavoid any possibility of fire or explosion.)NOTE3 One way to achieve a draft free environment and greatersafety in operation for the instruments used in this test Method is describedinAppendix An alternate means for preventing draft described inAppendix X3was not used in the development of the testmethod precision sole source of supply of Woods metal known to the committee at this timeis Sigma-Aldrich, Customer Support, Box 14508, St. Louis, MO 63178. If youare aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTMI nternational Headquarters.

10 Your comments will receive careful consideration at ameeting of the responsible technical committee,1which you may 082 NOTE All dimensions in 1 Heating BlockD5800 0839. Preparation of A Standard assembly of the apparatus is shown inFig. avoid disturbing the thermal equilibrium, the apparatusshall be assembled in a draft free area and comply withFig. 5in dimensions and apparatus. ( ) Add sufficient Woods metal or equivalent material to therecesses of the heating block so that, with the crucible andthermometer in place, the remaining spaces will be filled withthe molten Using the highest heating rate possible, raise the tem-perature of the heating block until the Woods metal is the thermometers with their bulbs touching the bottom ofthe recesses, and ensure that the contact thermometer isplugged in the back of the heating block.