KLINGERSIL C-4400 A Universal Material for Safe …

1 KLINGERSIL C- 4400 . A Universal Material for safe and Reliable Sealing KLINGERSIL C- 4400 . Aramid fibres bonded with NBR. Resistant to oils, water, steam, gases, salt solutions, fuels, alcohols, moderate organic and inorganic acids, hydrocarbons, lubricants and refrigerants. KLINGER The global leader in static sealing KLINGERSIL C- 4400 .. The many, varied demands Maximum temperature and placed on gaskets pressure values alone can not A common perception is that the define a Material 's suitability for suitability of a gasket for any an application. These limits are given application depends upon dependent upon a multiplicity of the maximum temperature and factors as shown in the diagram pressure conditions. This is not opposite. It is always advisable the case. to consider these factors when selecting a Material for a given application. Selecting gaskets with Areas of Application pT diagrams The Klinger pT diagram provides In area one, the gasket guidelines for determining the Material is normally suitable suitability of a particular gasket subject to chemical Material for a specific application compatibility.

2 Based on the operating temperature and pressure only. In area two, the gasket Additional stresses such as materials may be suitable but a fluctuating load may significantly technical evaluation is affect the suitability of a gasket recommended. in the application and must be considered separately. Always In area three, do not install refer to the chemical resistance the gasket without a technical of the gasket to the fluid. *Gaskets according to DIN 2690 are only standardised evaluation. up to PN 40 and gasket thickness 2 mm. Klinger Hot and Cold The thickness decrease is Temperatures up to 300 C. Compression Test Method measured at an ambient tempe- are then applied and the The Klinger Hot Compression rature of 23 C after applying the additional thickness decrease is Test was developed by Klinger gasket load. simulates the as a method to test the load This simulates assembly. first start up phase. bearing capabilities of gasket materials under hot and cold conditions.

3 80 80. Thickness decrease %. Thickness decrease %. In contrast to the BS 7531 70 70. and DIN 52913 tests, the Klinger 60 60. Compression test maintains a 50 50. constant gasket stress 40 40. throughout the entire test. 30 30. This subjects the gasket to more 20 20. severe conditions. 10 10. 0 0. 100 90. 300 350 400. 80 70. 60 50 200 250. The diagram shows 40 30. 50 100 150. Stress MPa 20 10 0 Temperature C. additional thickness decrease at temperature KLINGERSIL C- 4400 .. Maximum permissible surface Min. surface pressure VU Minimum surface pressure BU. pressure BO under operating for tightness classes for tightness class L = conditions acc. DIN 28090 1 L = , L = and L = The three dimensional diagram below The maximum surface pressure under in accordance to DIN 28090 describes the behaviour of 2 mm operating conditions is the maximum The minimum surface pressure is the gasket Material with respect to the allowable surface pressure on the minimum surface pressure that should minimum surface pressure to achieve effective gasket area under service be applied to the gasket to achieve a tightness class of L = under a conditions that can be applied to the the necessary tightness requirements.

4 Wide range of temperatures and gasket before unacceptable relaxation The value must be sufficient to internal pressures. It clearly shows of the flanged joint occurs and/or the compress the Material into the flange that the minimum surface pressure gaskets are destroyed. imperfections, reduce the materials decreases at elevated temperatures . 500. porosity and also counteract the the gasket will seal at lower loads release of load due to the internal under these conditions. pressure. 350. The diagrams below show the minimum gasket stress required to 300. achieve the relevant tightness classes 250. as a function of thickness. 200 0 mm 0,5. 150 100 mm 80. 50 mm 3 mm 3,0. 70. 0 mm 0 100 200 300 400 60. mm 50. The diagram above shows 40. this values for different gasket 30. thicknesses. 20. Modulus of elasticity ED in 0 10 20 30 50. accordance to DIN 28090. This diagram outlines the modulus of elasticity compared to the surface mm load. The curves describe the 80.

5 Mm behaviour at ambient temperature 70. mm and at 200 C. 60. mm 50. 40. 160. Tightness class L= 30. 140. allows a maximum leakage of 20. 120. mg nitrogen per second per meter 200 C. 100. of gasket length (mg/s x m) 28 C. 80. 0 10 20 30 40 50. 60. 40. mm 20. 80. mm 0. 70 0 1000 3000 5000 7000 9000 11000. mm 60. mm 50. 40. 30. 20. 0 10 20 30 50. KLINGERSIL C- 4400 .. Flanged joint integrity High temperature tightness Important points to be observed High temperature tightness is With heightened awareness of safety measured by means of the Klinger and environmental issues, reducing Hot Compression test under defined leaks from flanged assemblies has constant gasket load and temperature become a major priority for industry. with increasing internal pressures It is therefore important for com- using nitrogen as test fluid. panies who use gaskets to choose the Stabilisation time for each correct Material for the job and install reading is two hours and a new test and maintain it correctly to ensure specimen is used for every gasket optimum performance.

6 Load and temperature. The tightness is analysed with a A flanged joint will remain tight massflow meter. The pressure is as long as the surface pressure in controlled by pressure controller. service is higher than the minimum surface pressure required to achieve the necessary levels of tightness Leak mg/(sm). Gasket load but is lower than the maximum 15 MPa Leak mg/(sm). permissible surface increasingly high demands on the tightness requirements for flanged joints ( Tightness class L in accordance with DIN 28090). necessitate the application of high 100 loads on the gasket Material in order 80. 0. 0 60 to meet these stringent requirements. 50 100 40. 150 200 20. Temperature C 250 300 Gas pressure bar If the gasket is to be subjected to non-static loading and stress fluctuations due to temperature Leak mg/(sm). Gasket load and pressure cycling, it is advisable Leak mg/(sm). 25 MPa to select a gasket Material which is less prone to embrittlement with increasing temperatures ( KLINGER graphite laminate, KLINGERtop-chem or KLINGERtop- sil).

7 In cyclic loading conditions we 0 80. 100 recommend a minimum surface 60. 0 50 100 150. 40 stress of 30 MPa and that the gasket 200 250 20. Temperature C 300 Gas pressure bar should be as thin as is practicable. For safety reasons never re-use Gasket load gaskets. Leak mg/(sm). 35 MPa Leak mg/(sm). 100. 0 80. 0 60. 50 100 40. 150 200 20. Temperature C 250 300 Gas pressure bar KLINGERSIL C- 4400 .. Installation instructions The following guidelines are 5. Gasket Dimensions 8. Retightening designed to ensure the optimum Ensure gasket dimensions are correct. Provided that the above guidelines performance of our gasket materials: The gasket should not intrude into the are followed retightening of the bore of the pipework and should be gasket after joint assembly should 1. Choosing the gasket installed centrally. not be necessary. There are many factors which must If retightening is considered be taken into account when choosing 6. Bolting necessary, then this should only be a gasket Material for a given appli- Wire brush stud/bolts and nuts performed at ambient temperature cation including temperature, (if necessary) to remove any dirt on before or during the first start-up pressure and chemical compatibility.

8 The threads. Ensure that the nuts can phase of the pipeline or plant. Please refer to the information given run freely down the thread before use. Retightening of compressed fibre in our brochure or, for advice to our Apply lubricant to the bolt and gaskets at higher operating tem- software program KLINGER expert. to the nut threads as well as to the peratures and longer operating times If you have any questions regarding face of the nut to reduce friction when may lead to a failure of the gasket the suitability of Material for a given tightening. We recommend the use connection and possible blow out. application please contact Klinger of a bolt lubricant which ensures a Technical Department. friction coefficient of between 9. Re-use to For safety reasons never re-use a 2. Gasket thickness gasket. The gasket should be as thin as 7. Joint Assembly technically practical. To ensure It is recommended that the bolts are optimum performance a minimum tightened using a controlled method thickness/width ratio of 1/5 is re- such as torque or tension, this will quired (ideally 1/10).

9 Lead to greater accuracy and consistency than using conventional 3. Flange condition methods of tightening. If using a Ensure all remains of old gasket torque wrench, ensure that it is materials are removed and the flanges accurately calibrated. are clean, in good condition and For torque settings please refer parallel. to the KLINGER expert or contact our Technical Department which will be 4. Gasket compounds happy to assist you. Ensure all gaskets are installed Carefully fit the gasket into in a dry state, the use of gasket position taking care not to damage compounds is not recommended as the gasket surface. this has a detrimental effect on the When torquing, tighten bolts in stability and load bearing charac- three stages to the required torque as teristics of the Material . In its follows: uncompressed form the gasket can Finger tighten nuts. Carry out absorb liquid, and this may lead to tightening, making at least three failure of the gasket in service.

10 To aid complete diagonal tightening gasket removal Klinger materials are sequences 30%, 60% and 100%. furnished with a non sticking finish. of final torque value. Continue with In difficult installation one final pass torquing the conditions, seperating agents such bolts/studs in a clockwise sequence. as dry sprays based on molybdenum Powerful sealing calculation with online help on sulphide or PTFE KLINGER flon CD-ROM. spray, may be used, but only in minimal quantities. Make sure that the solvents and propellants are completely evaporated.. KLINGERSIL C- 4400 . Technical data Uses Typical values High pressure gasket for Universal Compressibility ASTM F 36 J % 11. applications. Suitable for use with oils, water, steam, gases, salt solu- Recovery ASTM F 36 J min % 55. tions, fuels, alcohols, moderate Stress relaxation DIN 52913 50 MPa, 16h/ 175 C MPa 32. organic and inorganic acids, hydro- 50 MPa, 16h/ 300 C MPa 25. carbons, lubricants and refrigerants, Stress relaxation BS 7531 40 MPa, 16h/ 300 C MPa 23.