ANSYS Solutions for mmWave Antenna - ADAS, 5G, …

1 1 ANSYS Solutions for mmWaveAntenna-ADAS, 5G, MilitaryKihyunKong, Ph. Application EngineerANSYS Korea2 Outline HFSS Tips UnitAntenna Design ( ) Array Synthesis (Estimationtofull array) HFSS Solutions Adaptive Beamforming 3 Challenges of mmWaveAntenna Engineering mmWave modeling & meshing Transition Signal Via Meshing Propagation / Diversity MIMO mmWave RadomeEffect 4 HFSS Tip #1 Unit Antenna Design5 ArrayAntennaDesignProcedureSingle Antenna ElementTRL Tool in 3D Layout InterfaceorAntenna Tool Kit (ACT Wizard)

2 Synthesize ArrayUnit CellFinite ArrayExplicit SimulationWith Feed NetworkPort1 Integrated Array with Module6 HFSS Antenna ToolkitAntenna Toolkit Wizard R17 66 (6 Array Model) Menu : View > ACT Wizard HFSS Antenna Toolkit : Center FrequencyOuter BoundarySubstrate Dimensions Synthesis Antenna Dimension Finish Template 7 HFSS Antenna Toolkit Dimension , Antenna Toolkit Wizard Help 8 Estimation in3D LayoutPatch Dimension Estimation Define StackupMenu : Layout > Layers EstimationMenu : HFSS 3D Layout > EstimateLayer ( , ) Patch Length/Width 50ohmImpedance 92D MoMSolver in 3D Layout 3D Layout : 2D MoM 4 Element Aperture Coupled Feed Patch Array Example10 HFSS Tip #2 ( )11 ABC or PML ?

3 HFSS (Background) Perfect Conductor Air( Vacuum) Box Radiation Boundary (ABC) Perfect Matched Layers (PML) FE-BI Antenna 12 Guide-lines of Radiation BC (ABC) Distance from radiating structure Place at least /4 from strongly radiating structure Place at least /10 from weakly radiating structure /4 and cases within 13 MHz of each other ( ) dB variationDistance Test : /20, /10, /8, /4, /2, 3 /4, 13 Guide-lines of Perfect Matched Layer(PML) Distance from radiating structure Place at least /8 from radiating structure (Recommend)Distance Test : /20, /10, /8, /4, /2, 3 /4, /8 and 3 /4 cases within 28 MHz of each other ( )

4 14 Incident Angle DependenciesNormal IncidenceLarge Incidence AngleABCPMLR eflection EffectPML functions well for incident angles less than 65 -70 ABC functions well for incident angles less than 25 -30 15FE-BIFEMS olution inVolumeIESolutionon Outer SurfaceFields at outer surface IterateFEM Only SolutionFE-BIIE RegionSurface current on metal blockHybrid FEM-IE Solution FE-BI IE Solver Reflection 16 Single ElementExamples Dipole AntennaIdealDipole Antenna Gain = ElementExamples Patch AntennaAntenna18 Array Antenna Example 8x8 Patch AntennaAntenna19 analysis Time & MemoryABCPMLFE-BIAdaptive Pass #101111 Solved Elements1,179,4101,151,8601,233,570 Adaptive Time01:19:5901:33:0409:33:02 Used Elapsed Time ComparisonABCPMLFE-BIAdaptive Pass #998 Solved Elements21,55417,33815,355 Adaptive Time00:01:0900:00:4200:01:09 Used Memory765MB654MB366MB< Single Patch Antenna Case > < 8x8 Array Antenna Case >Used H/W : CPU with 8cores, 64GB RAMABCPMLFE-BIAdaptive Pass #111111 Solved Elements260,787269,511213,308 Adaptive Time00:12:1800:13:4600:23:47 Used < 2x8 Array Antenna Case >20 Guide Radiation BC.

5 Omni-Directional Array PML FE-BI , FE-BI HFSS User , Domain Decomposition HPC FE-BI FEM IE Hybrid Domain Decomposition . H/W PC Large Array Port Mesh . PML RAM . Port resource .21 HFSS Tip #3 Array Synthesis(Estimationtofullarray)22 Array Performance Estimation with Single Element< Array > Single Antenna (Unit Cell) Array Mutual coupling Effect Array -Array , , 23 Finite Array for Large Scale Array< Array > Single Antenna Mesh Array mesh Mutual coupling Effect Array , Port Post-Processing LargeArray Memory Resource HPC Domain Decomposition Method(FA-DDM)

6 24 Finite Array Domain Decomposition Method Port large array DDM Workstation H/W resource Array Element solution domain element Mesh Core 25 Estimation/FiniteArray/Explicit ArrayRAM : 115 MBAdaptive : 53secFinite ArrayExplicit ArraySingle (Master/Slave)RAM : : 1m54secRAM : : 13m46sec26 HFSS solutions27 ANSYS Electromagnetic Solver PortfolioHybrid Solver and Domain DecompositionGeometry and Material ComplexityElectrical SizeHFSS -Finite ElementsHFSS IE -Method of MomentsSBR+ -Asymptotic, Shooting Bouncing Ray28 HFSS Hybrid SolverHybrid SolverFinite Element Boundary Integral+IE / PO / SBR+HPCD omain Decomposition26 GHzRAME lapsed TimePML259G (DDM)840minFE-BI64G205minFE-BI: speedup factor and 75% less RAM HFSS R18(2017) HFSS-IE license Hybrid Solver(FE-BI, IE Region) R18 SBR+ Region PO Region SBR+ Region HFSS-SBR+ option license 29 Hybrid Solver ExamplePCB : IE RegionAntenna : FE-BICover.

7 FE-BISide View30 Hybrid Solver ExampleCover XCover ORadomeEffect : 28 GHz Array Antenna on Mobile Handset31 Hybrid Solver with Mesh ReuseCover DeltaZDeltaZAdaptive TimeInitial MeshLast Mesh0mm00:25:5512,95032, :05:3232,23832, :06:1132,23832,238 Mesh < DeltaZParameterSweep >Hybrid Solver Mesh Parametric Sweep 32 Installation with Radomein E-Large ScaleAutomotive Radar FarfieldPatternIn FREE SPACEF arfieldPatternINSTALLED in FaciaInstallation analysis with SBR+33 Adaptive Beamforming34 Beamforming in Phased Array AntennaPhased Array35 PhasedArray Antenna SystemMIMIC in HFSS 3D Layout3D System with HFSSNon-Linear Circuit with RF OptionPush-ExcitationsDynamic Link36 End-to-End System ExampleSBR+ solverFEM solverHybrid solver37 Adaptive BeamformingSavant(SBR+ solver)

8 & Python ScriptPhased array tracking beacon antennaPEC plates transitions across line of sight between array and beacon antennaLine of SightNo Line of Sight38< Post-Processing Variables > HFSS Post-processing , . ParametricSweep,Optimization Port Far-field Active S-parameter Tuning Beam Forming Optimization39 Beam Forming Optimization< RealTimeTuning>GainPatternActive S-parameterTuning Slide Bar40 Beam Forming Optimization< Far-Field Pattern Optimization>Theta=20deg Beam Peak 41 Beamforming Area ConsiderationFar-field Report with Sine Space-1 < U=sin( )cos( ) < 1-1 < V=sin( )sin( ) < 1 Normalize UV Phased Array Port far-field pattern sine space export Port Script 42 SineSpaceExample1x4 ArrayCase #2 ConditionsCase #1 Case #2 Total # of cell31,41731,417 Target # of cell7,1294,496 Coverage < Gain 6dB >Case #143 44 Coating & Plate analysis Radome coating layer 3D Layered Impedance < Layered Impedance Surface > < 3D Model > 45 WarpageProblems Chip PCB Antenna Thermal/Stress/Electromagnetics Multi-Physics ANSYS Mechanical < > (CTE)

9 < Output> Temperature distribution Stress distribution DeformationTwo-way coupledEM Fields(HFSS)Thermal( ANSYS Mechanical or Icepak)Stress( ANSYS Mechanical)Two-way coupled46 SimpleWarpage Condition Analysis1x4 Array @ 28 GHzWarpage Center (Ref.) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) !!Kihyun Kong, Application EngineerANSYS Koreae-mail.