ADVANCES IN QUALITY SEED PRODUCTION OF …

1 ADVANCES IN QUALITY seed PRODUCTION OF vegetable CROPS (6th to 26th September 2017 ) Organized by: CENTRE OF ADVANCED FACULTY TRAINING IN HORTICULTURE (VEGETABLES) Department of vegetable Science YSP University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni -173 230 Solan, Himachal Pradesh Course Director : Dr H S Kanwar Course Coordinator : Dr A K Sharma Course Co-coordinator : Dr Kuldeep S Thakur Compiled & Edited by : Devinder K Mehta Technical support : Dr Y R Shukla Dr H Dev Sharma Dr Ramesh Kumar Dr Sandeep Kansal Dr Amit Vikram Dr Menu Gupta Dr Vipin Sharma Financed by : ICAR New Delhi CENTRE OF ADVANCED FACULTY TRAINING IN HORTICULTURE (VEGETABLES) Department of vegetable Science Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni -173 230 Solan, Himachal Pradesh FOREWORD Vegetables are a rich source of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals. along with roughages which are essential constituents of balanced diet.

2 Vegetables also contain significant amounts of biologically active components that provide health benefits through their antioxidant properties. The dieticians advocate an intake of 300 g of vegetables everyday to make our diet balanced. However, daily per capita consumption of vegetables in our country is 200 g which is lower than the recommended quantity. Our demand for vegetables will be 225 m tonnes by 2025, and 350 m tonnes by 2050. In order to ensure food and nutritional security, there is an urgent need to augment the PRODUCTION of vegetables in India. seed is one of the most critical inputs for enhancing crop productivity. QUALITY seed acts as a catalyst for realizing the potential of all the inputs such as fertilizers, irrigation and pesticides. Use of QUALITY seeds alone could increase vegetable PRODUCTION by 15-20 per cent. The farmers also save large quantities of seed for vegetable PRODUCTION .

3 Therefore, the topic entitled, ADVANCES in QUALITY seed PRODUCTION of vegetable Crops , chosen for the present training course under the Centre of Advanced Faculty Training in Horticulture (Vegetables), is highly relevant for deliberating on modern techniques in vegetable seed PRODUCTION . I am sure that the lectures delivered by the faculty of this university and the invited guest speakers of various organisations besides practical demonstrations in the experimental farms and laboratories made during the training course will enrich the technical knowhow of the participants in developing high yielding varieties of vegetables, and crop management for QUALITY PRODUCTION , use of DNA markers for testing genetic purity of seeds, DUS and IPR issues and marketing of seed . The compilation of the lectures in the form of compendium will also be of great value in strengthening the teaching programmes in different institutions.

4 The faculty of the Department of vegetable Science has done a commendable job in conducting this training programme professionally and systematically, and I am sure that this information will be highly useful to the stakeholders in future. (Hari C Sharma) Vice Chancellor CENTRE OF ADVANCED FACULTY TRAINING IN HORTICULTURE (VEGETABLES) Department of vegetable Science Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni -173 230 Solan, Himachal Pradesh Dr H S Kanwar Director cum Professor & Head Phone: 91-1792-252329 (O) 91-94182-28384 (M) ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Vegetables are the mainstay of farmers in the hilly regions. Growing vegetables has become major occupation of farmers because of off-season produce and high prices in the market. There are also ample opportunities to produce temperate vegetables and their QUALITY seed , which is not only improving the economy of the growers but also adding to the state exchequer annually.

5 To remain competitive in the national and international market in vegetables, QUALITY produce is going to be the watchword. The possibilities and exploitation of heterosis in temperate vegetables have special significance because the growing population needs nutritional security which can be complemented by more vegetable PRODUCTION viz-a-viz consumption. Hybrid varieties are the only option in increasing PRODUCTION and productivity alongwith their QUALITY seed PRODUCTION . In this context, the present training programme organised by the Centre of Advanced Faculty Training in Horticulture (Vegetables) [CAFT] on ADVANCES in QUALITY seed PRODUCTION of vegetable Crops is important as it will sharpen the focus on QUALITY seed PRODUCTION of vegetable crops besides multiplication of productivity. The CAFT gratefully acknowledges the patronage provided by Dr Hari C Sharma, Hon ble Vice Chancellor of this University.

6 The financial assistance received from the Indian Council of Agricultural Research in conducting the training and generating useful instructional material alongwith assistance for need based post-graduate research is highly acknowledged. The Centre also appreciates sincere efforts of all the speakers for enriching the knowledge of participants especially in the field of QUALITY seed PRODUCTION . All the faculty members and staff of the Department of vegetable Science, Deans, Directors and other statutory officers deserve special thanks for their cooperation and support provided for the successful conduct of this training programme. (H S Kanwar) CONTENTS S. No. Title Pages 1. Current status of vegetable seed industry in India and future prospects H S Kanwar and Rohit Pawar 1-6 2. ADVANCES in QUALITY seed PRODUCTION of Onion A K Sharma 7-18 3. ADVANCES in Hybrids seed PRODUCTION of vegetable Crops B S Tomar, G S Jat, and Jogendra Singh 19-37 4.

7 Improving Planting Value of vegetable Seeds by Physical and Physiological Methods V K Pandita 38-47 5. ADVANCES in Variety Maintenance and seed PRODUCTION of vegetable Crops V K Pandita 48-61 6. ADVANCES in seed PRODUCTION of vegetable crops Umesh G Nalawadi 62-65 7. QUALITY seed PRODUCTION of vegetable Crops Under Protected Conditions Y R Shukla 66-78 8. ADVANCES in PRODUCTION of QUALITY Planting Material of Ginger H Dev Sharma and Vipin Sharma 79-92 9. QUALITY seed PRODUCTION of High Value Cucurbitaceous Vegetables for High Economic and Remunerative Returns Ramesh Kumar Bhardwaj, Reena Kumari and Ankita Sharma 92-118 10. ADVANCES in QUALITY seed PRODUCTION of Temperate Root Vegetables Ramesh K Bhardwaj, Ankita Sharma and Reena Kumari 119-136 11. ADVANCES in seed pelleting and film coating in vegetable crops Devinder K Mehta, Rohit Verma and Kuldeep S Thakur 137-150 12. Perspectives of Organic seed PRODUCTION Kuldeep S Thakur, Nitika Thakur and Devinder K Mehta 151-155 13.

8 Diagnosis and management of seed borne diseases of cole crops Sandeep Kansal 156-161 14. Diagnosis and management of seed borne diseases of solanaceous crops Meenu Gupta 162-179 15. Perspectives in QUALITY seed PRODUCTION of Garlic in India K C Sharma 180-186 16. seed Genetic Purity- Assessment Using Molecular Markers Amarjit K Nath and Bhuvnesh Kapoor 187-193 17. Genetic Mechanisms for Hybrid seed PRODUCTION in vegetable Crops A K Joshi 194-201 18. Basic Principles of QUALITY seed PRODUCTION in vegetable Crops Rajender Sharma 202-207 19. ADVANCES in PRODUCTION Technology of Root Vegetables Raj Kumar 208-222 20 Recent Techniques in seed PRODUCTION of Cole Crops Chander Parkash and Sandeep Kumar 223-236 21. ADVANCES in seed PRODUCTION in Indian and snowball cauliflower S S Dey and Rita Bhatia 237-258 22. Haploid breeding and its role in vegetable hybrid seed PRODUCTION Reeta Bhatia, S S Dey and Raj Kumar 259-273 23.

9 Recent ADVANCES in integrated management of vegetable insect-pests Achintya Pramanik 274-287 24. Tomato- A Potential and High Value Crop for QUALITY seed PRODUCTION H R Sharma 288-304 25. seed Processing, Packaging, Labelling and Storage Manish K Sharma and Cherry Nalwa 305-312 26. seed PRODUCTION of Leguminous vegetable Crops Amit Vikram 313-322 27. Prospectus and constraints in vegetable seed PRODUCTION of India Rajinder Singh 323-329 28. Rules and regulations in seed act for QUALITY seed PRODUCTION Rajinder Singh 330-344 29 Recent ADVANCES in Hi-Tech vegetable Nursery PRODUCTION Sandeep Kumar, Chander Parkash, MR Dhiman, SS Dey, Raj Kumar and Nidhish Gautam 345-352 30 Public- private partnership in vegetable seed PRODUCTION and marketing Ravinder Sharma 353-355 31 List of Faculty of Department of vegetable Science 356-358 32 List of Participants 359-363 ADVANCES in QUALITY seed PRODUCTION of vegetable Crops CAFT 2017 -18 1 Current status of vegetable seed industry in India and future prospects H S Kanwar and Rohit Pawar Department of vegetable Science YSP University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni 173230 Solan, Himachal Pradesh Introduction seed is a key component among all inputs for sustainable crop PRODUCTION .

10 It is estimated that QUALITY of seed accounts for 20-25% of productivity. The importance of QUALITY seed has been realized by mankind long ago. The need for a good viable seed for prosperity of human race is mentioned in Rigveda of ancient India. It is mentioned in the Primeval Manusmriti as SubeejamSukshetreJayateSampadyate which literally means A good seed in a good filed will win and prosper . Albeit there have been few private seed industries dealing with PRODUCTION of vegetable seeds, the growing of crops especially for seeds in an organized fashion to maintain QUALITY in terms of genetic and physical purity is realized for first time during green revolution period with the establishment of National Seeds Corporation (NSC) in 1963. It is setup by aiming at promoting healthy development of seed industry in India. The principle responsibilities of NSC are establishing an adequate system of QUALITY control inspection for scientific processing, storage and marketing of seeds.