Transcription of Ch. 18 Answer Key - St. Francis Preparatory School
1 section Review biologists study diversity, they name organismsand group them in a logical are based on the Greek and Latin species receives a two-part scientific namewritten in italics. The first word is capitalized, the sec-ond is the name Homo erectus, the wordHomo identifies the order from smallestto largest, the categories are: species, genus, family,order, class, phylum, and : Mountain lions, pumas, cougars, and pan-thers are four common names of an animal with onescientific name, Felis Answer :Early scientific names were often very long and hardto standardize. Names produced by binomial nomen-clature are only two words long and hold more close-ly to a common Answer : Thelargest group, all pets, could be grouped into indoorand outdoor pets, with indoor pets grouped intothose that roam free and those in containers or cages,and with the smallest group made up of smallest taxon in Linnaeus s system that couldcontain all these animals is the phylum Review are classified into the same genus becausethey are closely related; that is, they share a morerecent common of groupingorganisms only according to physical similarities,evolutionary classification also considers evolution-ary analysis considers only evo-lutionary innovations, new characteristics that ariseas a lineage changes over thathave no effect on phenotype accumulate in DNA at asteady rate.
2 Comparison of such mutations in severalspecies shows how closely related the species ; Answer : American and African vultureswere once thought to be closely related, but DNAcomparisons showed that American vultures aremore closely related to and C appear tobe most closely related because their insulin mole-cules have the fewest Review domain is thelargest and most inclusive taxonomic category in are grouped into threedomains: Archaea, Bacteria, and of the domain Eukarya are eukaryotes; thatis, their cells contain a figure outwhich domain a prokaryote belongs to, you mustknow whether or not its cell walls contain , , , , , EukaryaChapter Vocabulary , genus, family, order, class, phylum, Answer : Theophrastus used commonwords to describe plant structures because, at thattime, there were no scientific words in use to describeplants. Theophrastus could have made up new scien-tific words, but no one else would have Answer : Aristotle s work could stillbe useful today, first, because his carefully describedobservations tell us about the plants and animals ofhis time, and second, because his work shows howearly scientists and walls with types of cell walls and cellswithout , Plantae,Fungi, AnimaliaReal-World LabAnalyze and Conclude : Betula (birch); II:Aesculus (buckeye); III: Carya (pecan); IV: Liquidambar(sweet gum); V: Cercis (redbud); VI: Magnolia (mag-nolia); VII: Robinia (locust)2.
3 Characteristics chosenwill depend on the writing implements or groups ofitems Students answers will dependon which characteristics they chose for their statements must be oppositesbecause each statement leads either to another stepor to identification of the 18 ClassificationANSWER KEYT eaching Resources / Chapter 1853 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights 10/30/01 2:41 PM Page 53
