FOR THE FEDERALLY ENDANGERED Indiana bat

1 BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT. FOR THE. FEDERALLY ENDANGERED . Indiana bat (Myotis sodalis). PROGRAMMATIC CONSULTATION. BETWEEN. UNITED STATES FISH AND wildlife SERVICE. FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTATION. OHIO DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION. September 1, 2006. TABLE OF CONTENTS. Chapter 1 Introduction Purpose of the Programmatic Consultation .1. Glossary of Terms ..1. Objectives of the Programmatic Consultation .2. The Proposed Action ..3. Action Area ..3. Chapter 2 Description of the Proposed Action Proposed Activities ..8. Indiana bat Management Units ..9. Proposed Management Measures ..11. Chapter 3 Status of the Indiana bat Description and Life History of the Indiana bat ..12. Current Status of the Indiana bat 17. Environmental Baseline.

2 21. Effects of the Continued Implementation of ODOT's Statewide Program on the Indiana bat ..23. Measures Proposed to Minimize Potential Adverse Effects ..29. Measures Proposed to Mitigate Potential Adverse Effects 29. Measures Proposed to Further Conservation and Recovery ..31. Chapter 4 List of Preparers ..32. Chapter 5 References and Data Sources .33. List of Tables Table No. Title Page 1. List of Preparers ..32. List of Figures Figure No. Title Page 1. Ecoregions of Ohio ..6. 2. Management Units ..10. 3. Indiana bat Range ..18. 4. Indiana bat Range-wide Population Estimates ..21. Appendix A: GIS Data Possible Forested Impacts in Ohio Counties ..A-1. Appendix B: Ohio Habitat Assessment Form (OHAF) ..B-1.

3 Appendix C: Ohio Habitat Assessment Form Flowchart ..C-1. Ohio Department of Transportation July 2006. Federal Highway Administration Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION. Purpose of the Programmatic Consultation In accordance with the ENDANGERED Species Act (ESA) of 1973, federal agencies are required to insure that any action authorized, funded, or carried out by such agency is not likely to jeopardize the continued existence of any ENDANGERED or threatened species or result in the destruction or adverse modification of any habitat of such species determined to be critical unless an exemption has been granted.. The purpose of the Programmatic Consultation (PC) is to identify and discuss any potential impacts to the FEDERALLY ENDANGERED Indiana bat (Myotis sodalis) caused by activities of the Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) implemented under ODOT's program of work and to establish a streamlined and predictable consultation process for those impacts.

4 This PC addresses only the FEDERALLY listed ENDANGERED species, the Indiana bat (Myotis sodalis). Glossary of Terms The following terms have been defined for use in this PC. 1. FORAGING AREAS. Those areas that have a food supply (insects) for adult Indiana bats and their young and may serve as night roosts for resting and digesting meals. These areas may be within or on the edge of forested areas, with an open subcanopy providing the best foraging habitat. Foraging areas occur along streams, in floodplain forests, in and around forested wetlands and impoundments. Streams are apparently not used if riparian trees have been removed. 2. ROOST TREE. Indiana bat summer roosting habitat that may support roosting bats.

5 Roost trees have the following habitat characteristics: Live or standing dead trees or snags over 8 diameter at breast height (dbh) with exfoliating, peeling or loose bark, split trunks and/or branches, or cavities. If the habitat characteristics are only found on the branches of the tree, the branches must be over 6 diameter at the site of the peeling bark, split in the branch, or cavity, etc. -1- Ohio Department of Transportation July 2006. Federal Highway Administration 3. MATERNITY ROOST TREE. Indiana bat summer roosting habitat that may support maternity colonies (reproductive females and their young that may number 100 individuals or more). Maternity roost trees have the following habitat characteristics: Live or standing dead trees or snags over 16 diameter at breast height (dbh) with exfoliating, peeling or loose bark, split trunks and/or branches, or cavities.

6 These characteristics must be plentiful enough to allow the colony to change locations along the tree to aid in thermoregulation. If the habitat characteristics are found only on the branches of the tree, the branches must be at least 8 in diameter at the site of the habitat characteristics. These trees must have some solar exposure and must be within sight distance of at least one other potential roost tree. These trees must be part of (forested area or within a fence row of trees at least two trees wide) or connected to a travel corridor or larger forested area. 4. ISOLATED MATERNITY ROOST TREE. Trees with the habitat characteristics listed above, but that are not located within sight distance of one or more potential maternity roost trees.

7 Isolated maternity roost trees may be trees within a small cluster of sporadic trees (ex. front yard trees) not connected to or part of a linear flight corridor. This type of tree may support a maternity colony in the short term, but the colony would have to find a new location when the tree fell over or lost the habitat characteristics and would be subjected to further stress because of lack of foraging areas. 5. SOLAR EXPOSURE. Solar exposure is direct sunlight to the trunk or branches where suitable roosting habitat is found for all or part of the day. Maternity roosting trees require some solar exposure to provide thermoregulation to the young. This solar exposure can come from the tree being at the edge of a forested tract or because the tree is a super canopy tree (much taller than the trees around it).

8 6. TRAVEL CORRIDOR. A contiguous linear wooded corridor at least two trees wide that connects roosting and foraging areas, and may be used during migration. These corridors may be riparian areas along streams, wooded fence rows, small wooded roads and paths, open- understory forest, or wooded residential areas. 7. HIBERNACULUM. Area where bats hibernate during the winter. Hibernacula are typically caves, or abandoned mines that provide cool, humid, stable conditions for hibernation. Objectives of the Programmatic Consultation Objectives for this PC are to: -2- Ohio Department of Transportation July 2006. Federal Highway Administration 1. Comply with the requirements of the ESA, as amended, that actions by federal agencies (Federal Highway Administration and ODOT) shall not jeopardize the existence of the Indiana bat.

9 2. Describe ODOT's Statewide Transportation Program; the Proposed Action. 3. Analyze the effects of implementing ODOT's statewide program of work, including standards and guidelines, on the FEDERALLY -listed ENDANGERED species, the Indiana bat. 4. Describe actions that ODOT will undertake to avoid, minimize, and mitigate for impacts to the Indiana bat. 5. Describe actions that ODOT will undertake to contribute toward the recovery of the Indiana bat. 6. Develop a streamlined consultation process to be used by the Fish and wildlife Service (USFWS), the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), and ODOT for consultation on the Indiana bat. The Proposed Action The proposed action is the continuing implementation of ODOT's Statewide Transportation Program, in cooperation with FHWA.

10 The action includes current and future projects over a five year period (2006 through 2011). These projects would include all forms of road construction and maintenance. It is not guaranteed that all ODOT projects that are scheduled today will be completed, therefore there is no way to know the details of every project that will be completed through 2011; the project schedules change daily in ODOT's database. Any one project may also change in focus and purpose over time, there by changing the impacts and/or footprint of the project. Because of this lack of certainty, a snapshot of scheduled projects was extracted from the ODOT database in 2005, to give an overall estimation of the number and type of projects that may occur over a five year period.