2019 Chemical Weed Control - bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu

1 Report of Progress 1148. 2019. Chemical Weed Control for Field Crops, Pastures, Rangeland, and Noncropland Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service SELECTING AND APPLYING HERBICIDES. Protective Clothing and Equipment Guide Pesticides kill. We wouldn't use them if they didn't. The problem is, chemicals that kill If you use pesticides, the best ways to minimize your exposure are to wear personal insects, diseases, and plants can cause illness in human beings in larger doses. protective equipment and follow safe mixing, loading, application, and disposal Chemicals may not look all that harmful, but overexposure can be as dangerous as procedures.

2 Your risk of harmful health effects from pesticide exposure depends on putting your arm into a hay baler. The damage may take longer to show up, which is two things: (1) the toxicity of the Chemical and (2) how much of it you are exposed what makes pesticide safety different from tractor or combine safety. Very few people to. The National Agricultural Chemicals Association uses the formula: Risk = Toxicity die of acute pesticide poisoning, but it is possible to end up in a hospital emergency + Exposure. room because of a severe reaction that may suddenly occur after years of repeated exposure to a particular Chemical . You can be exposed to chemicals in three ways.

3 Ingestion, or swallowing, is the most common cause of acute poisonings. Inhalation, or breathing, is the most toxic of the Determining precisely the number of people who may suffer chronic, irreversible ways that you can be exposed to pesticides because anything absorbed by the lungs effects from pesticide exposure is impossible. These effects may include cancer, birth goes directly into the bloodstream. Dermal absorption, or skin contact, is the route defects, and some types of nervous system disorders. Although cause and effect links through which farmers get most of their exposure to pesticides. between particular substances and cancer or birth defects are difficult to confirm, the sensible course of action is to give your health and that of your family the benefit of To avoid pesticide exposure, don't eat, drink, smoke, or go to the bathroom while the doubt.

4 Play it safe. working with pesticides not until you have washed your face and hands thoroughly with detergent and water. Wear personal protective equipment. Hat Respirator Hats, especially wide-brimmed ones, help keep pesticide splashes To prevent inhalation of pesticides, wear a Chemical cartridge or off your scalp, neck, forehead, and ears, all of which absorb canister respirator equipped with cartridges specially formulated to pesticides rapidly. The hat should be plastic with a plastic filter out pesticides. Dust masks are not effective. Chemical headband. A regular seed cap or an absorbent headband, such filters must be replaced every 8 hours of normal use, more as elastic or leather, will absorb pesticides and recontaminate frequently if you are working in high humidity or breathing heavily.

5 Cartridge you every time you wear it. respirators can cost less than $25, and the replacement filters less than $15 a pair. Alternatively, you can use a full-face shielded canister respirator. Canister filters are more expensive but last longer. Goggles or Full Face Shield Get Chemical splash goggles or a full face shield to protect your eyes from splashing. Never wear contact lenses Respirators should be worn during mixing and loading of any pesticide when working with chemicals. and during application of highly toxic ( Danger Poison ) pesticides. If you smell pesticide when you put on the respirator, throw the Clothes filters away, even if they are brand new.

6 Then wash the respirator Wear denim overalls and a thoroughly with detergent and water, because it could be contami- long-sleeved work shirt. Wear nated. Insert new filters and start over. Losing a few dollars is coveralls over these clothes. better than risking contamination. Your life is not worth the Disposable garments are also gamble. available. For grain silo fumigation or other oxygen-poor environments, Gloves you must have a supplied-air respirator or self-contained The hands and forearms are breathing apparatus. contaminated by pesticides more often than any other part of the body. That's why you need Rubber Apron The area of the body that absorbs pesticides Chemical -resistant gloves, the most rapidly is not the palm of the hand, preferably ones that extend at least halfway to your elbow.

7 Nor even your scalp or forehead, but the scro- Avoid leather gloves because leather absorbs pesticides and is tum. For instance, parathion shows impossible to decontaminate. absorption into the palm and absorption into the forehead but is absorbed Use unlined gloves made of neoprene, nitrile, or natural rubber. Latex 100% by the scrotum if it comes into contact does not protect against concentrated chemicals. Avoid gloves with with it! At this rate, you suffer the same effect as lining, because the lining can absorb the pesticide and re-expose you if parathion were injected directly into your every time you use them. Unless you are working overhead, such as when bloodstream.

8 This is why a rubber apron is spraying fruit trees, wear your sleeves outside the gloves. critical. You may prefer to use disposable Tyvek coveralls. Check gloves for leaks before you use them by filling them with water and squeezing. Wash them with water and detergent as soon as you're done. Wash the outsides while you still have them on, then take them Rubber Boots off and turn them inside out to wash the insides. These should be neoprene, nitrile, or natural rubber. Leather absorbs pesticides! Wear boots, not overshoes, because pesticide can get inside NOTE: overshoes and contaminate your shoes. Wear pant All pesticide protective clothing should be used only for pesticide protection, cuffs on the outside of the boots.

9 Not for rain protection or any other purposes. Wash every piece of protective equipment after every use, using heavy-duty liquid detergent and hot water, and rinse well. 2019. Chemical Weed Control for Field Crops, Pastures, Rangeland, and Noncropland Peterson, Fick, Currie, V. Kumar, and Slocombe1. Contents 2 Introduction Herbicides for: 2 Proper Use of Herbicides 115 Conservation Reserve Program 3 Factors Affecting Chemical Weed Control (Native Grasses). 4 Herbicide Application 118 Bermudagrass 10 Cleaning Spray Equipment 120 Weed and Brush Control Practices for Pasture and Rangeland 10 Protect Your Water Supply 121 Grazing Restrictions for Certain Range 10 Herbicide Terms and Definitions and Pasture Herbicides 12 Names, Toxicities, and Persistence 122 Cool-Season Pastures of Herbicides in/on Soils 127 Rangeland Weeds 15 Approximate 2019 Retail Costs of Herbicides, Harvest Aids, and Adjuvants 131 Brush and Trees on Rangeland 18 Herbicide Premixes 136 Noncropland 22 Glyphosate Product Comparisons 139 Noxious Weeds Herbicides and harvest aids for.

10 24 Corn 50 Grain Sorghum Read The Label 63 Soybean Each herbicide used on raw agricultural products must be registered and must have a residue tolerance established by 82 Sunflower the Registration Division, Environmental Protection Agency. Check the label and select only herbicides that may be used 85 Winter Wheat legally. 100 Spring-Seeded Oat 102 Alfalfa 1 Extension Specialist-Weed Science, Extension Specialist-Range and Pasture Management, Department of Agronomy;. 107 Cotton Research Weed Scientist, Southwest Research-Extension Center, Garden City;. Research Weed Scientist, Agricultural Research Center - Hays; and Professor, Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering.